format

Merge branch 'main' into feature/split-padding-transcription
Update server/reflector/hatchet/workflows/padding_workflow.py
2026-02-04 18:06:48 +00:00 · 2026-01-26 17:38:38 -05:00 · 2026-01-26 13:22:16 -05:00 · 2026-01-23 19:59:32 -05:00 · 2026-01-23 17:00:24 -05:00 · 2026-01-23 16:55:34 -05:00
37 changed files with 1078 additions and 2097 deletions
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -1,6 +1,5 @@
 .DS_Store
 server/.env
-server/.env.production
 .env
 Caddyfile
 server/exportdanswer
--- a/.gitleaksignore
+++ b/.gitleaksignore
@@ -4,4 +4,4 @@ docs/docs/installation/daily-setup.md:curl-auth-header:277
 gpu/self_hosted/DEV_SETUP.md:curl-auth-header:74
 gpu/self_hosted/DEV_SETUP.md:curl-auth-header:83
 server/reflector/worker/process.py:generic-api-key:465
-server/tests/test_recording_request_flow.py:generic-api-key:121
+server/reflector/worker/process.py:generic-api-key:594
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -1,20 +1,5 @@
 # Changelog

-## [0.32.1](https://github.com/Monadical-SAS/reflector/compare/v0.32.0...v0.32.1) (2026-01-30)
-
-
-### Bug Fixes
-
-* daily multitrack pipeline finalze dependency fix ([23eb137](https://github.com/Monadical-SAS/reflector/commit/23eb1371cb9348c4b81eb12ad506b582f8a4799e))
-* match httpx pad with hatchet audio timeout ([c05d1f0](https://github.com/Monadical-SAS/reflector/commit/c05d1f03cd8369fc06efd455527e50246887efd0))
-
-## [0.32.0](https://github.com/Monadical-SAS/reflector/compare/v0.31.0...v0.32.0) (2026-01-30)
-
-
-### Features
-
-* modal padding ([#837](https://github.com/Monadical-SAS/reflector/issues/837)) ([7fde64e](https://github.com/Monadical-SAS/reflector/commit/7fde64e2529a1d37b0f7507c62d983a7bd0b5b89))
-
 ## [0.31.0](https://github.com/Monadical-SAS/reflector/compare/v0.30.0...v0.31.0) (2026-01-23)


--- a/Caddyfile.example
+++ b/Caddyfile.example
@@ -1,8 +1,6 @@
-# Reflector Caddyfile (optional reverse proxy)
-# Use this only when you run Caddy via: docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml --profile caddy up -d
-# If Coolify, Traefik, or nginx already use ports 80/443, do NOT start Caddy; point your proxy at web:3000 and server:1250.
-#
-# Replace example.com with your actual domains. CORS is handled by the backend - Caddy just proxies.
+# Reflector Caddyfile
+# Replace example.com with your actual domains
+# CORS is handled by the backend - Caddy just proxies
 #
 # For environment variable substitution, set:
 #   FRONTEND_DOMAIN=app.example.com
--- a/docker-compose.prod.yml
+++ b/docker-compose.prod.yml
@@ -1,14 +1,9 @@
 # Production Docker Compose configuration
 # Usage: docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml up -d
 #
-# Caddy (reverse proxy on ports 80/443) is OPTIONAL and behind the "caddy" profile:
-# - With Caddy (self-hosted, you manage SSL): docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml --profile caddy up -d
-# - Without Caddy (Coolify/Traefik/nginx already on 80/443): docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml up -d
-#   Then point your proxy at web:3000 (frontend) and server:1250 (API).
-#
 # Prerequisites:
 # 1. Copy .env.example to .env and configure for both server/ and www/
-# 2. If using Caddy: copy Caddyfile.example to Caddyfile and edit your domains
+# 2. Copy Caddyfile.example to Caddyfile and edit with your domains
 # 3. Deploy Modal GPU functions (see gpu/modal_deployments/deploy-all.sh)

 services:
@@ -89,8 +84,6 @@ services:
      retries: 3

  caddy:
-    profiles:
-      - caddy
    image: caddy:2-alpine
    restart: unless-stopped
    ports:
--- a/docs/docs/installation/docker-setup.md
+++ b/docs/docs/installation/docker-setup.md
@@ -11,15 +11,15 @@ This page documents the Docker Compose configuration for Reflector. For the comp

 The `docker-compose.prod.yml` includes these services:

-| Service    | Image                             | Purpose                                                                     |
-| ---------- | --------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
-| `web`      | `monadicalsas/reflector-frontend` | Next.js frontend                                                            |
-| `server`   | `monadicalsas/reflector-backend`  | FastAPI backend                                                             |
-| `worker`   | `monadicalsas/reflector-backend`  | Celery worker for background tasks                                          |
-| `beat`     | `monadicalsas/reflector-backend`  | Celery beat scheduler                                                       |
-| `redis`    | `redis:7.2-alpine`                | Message broker and cache                                                    |
-| `postgres` | `postgres:17-alpine`              | Primary database                                                            |
-| `caddy`    | `caddy:2-alpine`                  | Reverse proxy with auto-SSL (optional; see [Caddy profile](#caddy-profile)) |
+| Service | Image | Purpose |
+|---------|-------|---------|
+| `web` | `monadicalsas/reflector-frontend` | Next.js frontend |
+| `server` | `monadicalsas/reflector-backend` | FastAPI backend |
+| `worker` | `monadicalsas/reflector-backend` | Celery worker for background tasks |
+| `beat` | `monadicalsas/reflector-backend` | Celery beat scheduler |
+| `redis` | `redis:7.2-alpine` | Message broker and cache |
+| `postgres` | `postgres:17-alpine` | Primary database |
+| `caddy` | `caddy:2-alpine` | Reverse proxy with auto-SSL |

 ## Environment Files

@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ Reflector uses two separate environment files:
 Used by: `server`, `worker`, `beat`

 Key variables:
-
 ```env
 # Database connection
 DATABASE_URL=postgresql+asyncpg://reflector:reflector@postgres:5432/reflector
@@ -55,7 +54,6 @@ TRANSCRIPT_MODAL_API_KEY=...
 Used by: `web`

 Key variables:
-
 ```env
 # Domain configuration
 SITE_URL=https://app.example.com
@@ -72,42 +70,26 @@ Note: `API_URL` is used client-side (browser), `SERVER_API_URL` is used server-s

 ## Volumes

-| Volume          | Purpose                       |
-| --------------- | ----------------------------- |
-| `redis_data`    | Redis persistence             |
-| `postgres_data` | PostgreSQL data               |
-| `server_data`   | Uploaded files, local storage |
-| `caddy_data`    | SSL certificates              |
-| `caddy_config`  | Caddy configuration           |
+| Volume | Purpose |
+|--------|---------|
+| `redis_data` | Redis persistence |
+| `postgres_data` | PostgreSQL data |
+| `server_data` | Uploaded files, local storage |
+| `caddy_data` | SSL certificates |
+| `caddy_config` | Caddy configuration |

 ## Network

 All services share the default network. The network is marked `attachable: true` to allow external containers (like Authentik) to join.

-## Caddy profile
-
-Caddy (ports 80 and 443) is **optional** and behind the `caddy` profile so it does not conflict with an existing reverse proxy (e.g. Coolify, Traefik, nginx).
-
- **With Caddy** (you want Reflector to handle SSL):
-  `docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml --profile caddy up -d`
- **Without Caddy** (Coolify or another proxy already on 80/443):
-  `docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml up -d`
-  Then configure your proxy to send traffic to `web:3000` (frontend) and `server:1250` (API).
-
 ## Common Commands

 ### Start all services
-
 ```bash
-# Without Caddy (e.g. when using Coolify)
 docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml up -d
-
-# With Caddy as reverse proxy
-docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml --profile caddy up -d
 ```

 ### View logs
-
 ```bash
 # All services
 docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml logs -f
@@ -117,7 +99,6 @@ docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml logs server --tail 50
 ```

 ### Restart a service
-
 ```bash
 # Quick restart (doesn't reload .env changes)
 docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml restart server
@@ -127,32 +108,27 @@ docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml up -d server
 ```

 ### Run database migrations
-
 ```bash
 docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml exec server uv run alembic upgrade head
 ```

 ### Access database
-
 ```bash
 docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml exec postgres psql -U reflector
 ```

 ### Pull latest images
-
 ```bash
 docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml pull
 docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml up -d
 ```

 ### Stop all services
-
 ```bash
 docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml down
 ```

 ### Full reset (WARNING: deletes data)
-
 ```bash
 docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml down -v
 ```
@@ -211,7 +187,6 @@ The Caddyfile supports environment variable substitution:
 Set `FRONTEND_DOMAIN` and `API_DOMAIN` environment variables, or edit the file directly.

 ### Reload Caddy after changes
-
 ```bash
 docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml exec caddy caddy reload --config /etc/caddy/Caddyfile
 ```
--- a/docs/docs/installation/overview.md
+++ b/docs/docs/installation/overview.md
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ flowchart LR

 Before starting, you need:

- **Production server** - 4+ cores, 8GB+ RAM, public IP
+- **Production server** -  4+ cores, 8GB+ RAM, public IP
 - **Two domain names** - e.g., `app.example.com` (frontend) and `api.example.com` (backend)
 - **GPU processing** - Choose one:
  - Modal.com account, OR
@@ -60,17 +60,16 @@ Type: A    Name: api    Value: <your-server-ip>

 Reflector requires GPU processing for transcription and speaker diarization. Choose one option:

-|              | **Modal.com (Cloud)**             | **Self-Hosted GPU**          |
-| ------------ | --------------------------------- | ---------------------------- |
+| | **Modal.com (Cloud)** | **Self-Hosted GPU** |
+|---|---|---|
 | **Best for** | No GPU hardware, zero maintenance | Own GPU server, full control |
-| **Pricing**  | Pay-per-use                       | Fixed infrastructure cost    |
+| **Pricing** | Pay-per-use | Fixed infrastructure cost |

 ### Option A: Modal.com (Serverless Cloud GPU)

 #### Accept HuggingFace Licenses

 Visit both pages and click "Accept":
-
 - https://huggingface.co/pyannote/speaker-diarization-3.1
 - https://huggingface.co/pyannote/segmentation-3.0

@@ -180,7 +179,6 @@ Save these credentials - you'll need them in the next step.
 ## Configure Environment

 Reflector has two env files:
-
 - `server/.env` - Backend configuration
 - `www/.env` - Frontend configuration

@@ -192,7 +190,6 @@ nano server/.env
 ```

 **Required settings:**
-
 ```env
 # Database (defaults work with docker-compose.prod.yml)
 DATABASE_URL=postgresql+asyncpg://reflector:reflector@postgres:5432/reflector
@@ -252,7 +249,6 @@ nano www/.env
 ```

 **Required settings:**
-
 ```env
 # Your domains
 SITE_URL=https://app.example.com
@@ -270,11 +266,7 @@ FEATURE_REQUIRE_LOGIN=false

 ---

-## Reverse proxy (Caddy or existing)
-
-**If Coolify, Traefik, or nginx already use ports 80/443** (e.g. Coolify on your host): skip Caddy. Start the stack without the Caddy profile (see [Start Services](#start-services) below), then point your proxy at `web:3000` (frontend) and `server:1250` (API).
-
-**If you want Reflector to provide the reverse proxy and SSL:**
+## Configure Caddy

 ```bash
 cp Caddyfile.example Caddyfile
@@ -297,18 +289,10 @@ Replace `example.com` with your domains. The `{$VAR:default}` syntax uses Caddy'

 ## Start Services

-**Without Caddy** (e.g. Coolify already on 80/443):
-
 ```bash
 docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml up -d
 ```

-**With Caddy** (Reflector handles SSL):
-
-```bash
-docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml --profile caddy up -d
-```
-
 Wait for containers to start (first run may take 1-2 minutes to pull images and initialize).

 ---
@@ -316,21 +300,18 @@ Wait for containers to start (first run may take 1-2 minutes to pull images and
 ## Verify Deployment

 ### Check services
-
 ```bash
 docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml ps
 # All should show "Up"
 ```

 ### Test API
-
 ```bash
 curl https://api.example.com/health
 # Should return: {"status":"healthy"}
 ```

 ### Test Frontend
-
 - Visit https://app.example.com
 - You should see the Reflector interface
 - Try uploading an audio file to test transcription
@@ -346,7 +327,6 @@ By default, Reflector is open (no login required). **Authentication is required
 See [Authentication Setup](./auth-setup) for full Authentik OAuth configuration.

 Quick summary:
-
 1. Deploy Authentik on your server
 2. Create OAuth provider in Authentik
 3. Extract public key for JWT verification
@@ -378,7 +358,6 @@ DAILYCO_STORAGE_AWS_ROLE_ARN=<arn:aws:iam::ACCOUNT:role/DailyCo>
 ```

 Reload env and restart:
-
 ```bash
 docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml up -d server worker
 ```
@@ -388,43 +367,35 @@ docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml up -d server worker
 ## Troubleshooting

 ### Check logs for errors
-
 ```bash
 docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml logs server --tail 20
 docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml logs worker --tail 20
 ```

 ### Services won't start
-
 ```bash
 docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml logs
 ```

 ### CORS errors in browser
-
 - Verify `CORS_ORIGIN` in `server/.env` matches your frontend domain exactly (including `https://`)
 - Reload env: `docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml up -d server`

-### SSL certificate errors (when using Caddy)
-
+### SSL certificate errors
 - Caddy auto-provisions Let's Encrypt certificates
- Ensure ports 80 and 443 are open and not used by another proxy
+- Ensure ports 80 and 443 are open
 - Check: `docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml logs caddy`
- If port 80 is already in use (e.g. by Coolify), run without Caddy: `docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml up -d` and use your existing proxy

 ### Transcription not working
-
 - Check Modal dashboard: https://modal.com/apps
 - Verify URLs in `server/.env` match deployed functions
 - Check worker logs: `docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml logs worker`

 ### "Login required" but auth not configured
-
 - Set `FEATURE_REQUIRE_LOGIN=false` in `www/.env`
 - Rebuild frontend: `docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml up -d --force-recreate web`

 ### Database migrations or connectivity issues
-
 Migrations run automatically on server startup. To check database connectivity or debug migration failures:

 ```bash
@@ -437,3 +408,4 @@ docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml exec server uv run python -c "from ref
 # Manually run migrations (if needed)
 docker compose -f docker-compose.prod.yml exec server uv run alembic upgrade head
 ```
+
--- a/gpu/modal_deployments/deploy-all.sh
+++ b/gpu/modal_deployments/deploy-all.sh
@@ -131,15 +131,6 @@ if [ -z "$DIARIZER_URL" ]; then
 fi
 echo "  -> $DIARIZER_URL"

-echo ""
-echo "Deploying padding (CPU audio processing via Modal SDK)..."
-modal deploy reflector_padding.py
-if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
-    echo "Error: Failed to deploy padding. Check Modal dashboard for details."
-    exit 1
-fi
-echo "  -> reflector-padding.pad_track (Modal SDK function)"
-
 # --- Output Configuration ---
 echo ""
 echo "=========================================="
@@ -156,6 +147,4 @@ echo ""
 echo "DIARIZATION_BACKEND=modal"
 echo "DIARIZATION_URL=$DIARIZER_URL"
 echo "DIARIZATION_MODAL_API_KEY=$API_KEY"
-echo ""
-echo "# Padding uses Modal SDK (requires MODAL_TOKEN_ID/SECRET in worker containers)"
 echo "# --- End Modal Configuration ---"
--- a/gpu/modal_deployments/reflector_padding.py
+++ b/gpu/modal_deployments/reflector_padding.py
@@ -1,277 +0,0 @@
-"""
-Reflector GPU backend - audio padding
-======================================
-
-CPU-intensive audio padding service for adding silence to audio tracks.
-Uses PyAV filter graph (adelay) for precise track synchronization.
-
-IMPORTANT: This padding logic is duplicated from server/reflector/utils/audio_padding.py
-for Modal deployment isolation (Modal can't import from server/reflector/). If you modify
-the PyAV filter graph or padding algorithm, you MUST update both:
-  - gpu/modal_deployments/reflector_padding.py (this file)
-  - server/reflector/utils/audio_padding.py
-
-Constants duplicated from server/reflector/utils/audio_constants.py for same reason.
-"""
-
-import os
-import tempfile
-from fractions import Fraction
-import math
-import asyncio
-
-import modal
-
-S3_TIMEOUT = 60 # happens 2 times
-PADDING_TIMEOUT = 600 + (S3_TIMEOUT * 2)
-SCALEDOWN_WINDOW = 60  # The maximum duration (in seconds) that individual containers can remain idle when scaling down.
-DISCONNECT_CHECK_INTERVAL = 2  # Check for client disconnect
-
-
-app = modal.App("reflector-padding")
-
-# CPU-based image
-image = (
-    modal.Image.debian_slim(python_version="3.12")
-    .apt_install("ffmpeg")  # Required by PyAV
-    .pip_install(
-        "av==13.1.0",  # PyAV for audio processing
-        "requests==2.32.3",  # HTTP for presigned URL downloads/uploads
-        "fastapi==0.115.12",  # API framework
-    )
-)
-
-# ref B0F71CE8-FC59-4AA5-8414-DAFB836DB711
-OPUS_STANDARD_SAMPLE_RATE = 48000
-# ref B0F71CE8-FC59-4AA5-8414-DAFB836DB711
-OPUS_DEFAULT_BIT_RATE = 128000
-
-
-@app.function(
-    cpu=2.0,
-    timeout=PADDING_TIMEOUT,
-    scaledown_window=SCALEDOWN_WINDOW,
-    image=image,
-)
-@modal.asgi_app()
-def web():
-    from fastapi import FastAPI, Request, HTTPException
-    from pydantic import BaseModel
-
-    class PaddingRequest(BaseModel):
-        track_url: str
-        output_url: str
-        start_time_seconds: float
-        track_index: int
-
-    class PaddingResponse(BaseModel):
-        size: int
-        cancelled: bool = False
-
-    web_app = FastAPI()
-
-    @web_app.post("/pad")
-    async def pad_track_endpoint(request: Request, req: PaddingRequest) -> PaddingResponse:
-        """Modal web endpoint for padding audio tracks with disconnect detection.
-        """
-        import logging
-
-        logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO, format="%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s")
-        logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
-        if not req.track_url:
-            raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="track_url cannot be empty")
-        if not req.output_url:
-            raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail="output_url cannot be empty")
-        if req.start_time_seconds <= 0:
-            raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail=f"start_time_seconds must be positive, got {req.start_time_seconds}")
-        if req.start_time_seconds > 18000:
-            raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail=f"start_time_seconds exceeds maximum 18000s (5 hours)")
-
-        logger.info(f"Padding request: track {req.track_index}, delay={req.start_time_seconds}s")
-
-        # Thread-safe cancellation flag shared between async disconnect checker and blocking thread
-        import threading
-        cancelled = threading.Event()
-
-        async def check_disconnect():
-            """Background task to check for client disconnect every 2 seconds."""
-            while not cancelled.is_set():
-                await asyncio.sleep(DISCONNECT_CHECK_INTERVAL)
-                if await request.is_disconnected():
-                    logger.warning("Client disconnected, setting cancellation flag")
-                    cancelled.set()
-                    break
-
-        # Start disconnect checker in background
-        disconnect_task = asyncio.create_task(check_disconnect())
-
-        try:
-            result = await asyncio.get_event_loop().run_in_executor(
-                None, _pad_track_blocking, req, cancelled, logger
-            )
-            return PaddingResponse(**result)
-        finally:
-            cancelled.set()
-            disconnect_task.cancel()
-            try:
-                await disconnect_task
-            except asyncio.CancelledError:
-                pass
-
-    def _pad_track_blocking(req, cancelled, logger) -> dict:
-        """Blocking CPU-bound padding work with periodic cancellation checks.
-
-        Args:
-            cancelled: threading.Event for thread-safe cancellation signaling
-        """
-        import av
-        import requests
-        from av.audio.resampler import AudioResampler
-        import time
-
-        temp_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
-        input_path = None
-        output_path = None
-        last_check = time.time()
-
-        try:
-            logger.info("Downloading track for padding")
-            response = requests.get(req.track_url, stream=True, timeout=S3_TIMEOUT)
-            response.raise_for_status()
-
-            input_path = os.path.join(temp_dir, "track.webm")
-            total_bytes = 0
-            chunk_count = 0
-            with open(input_path, "wb") as f:
-                for chunk in response.iter_content(chunk_size=8192):
-                    if chunk:
-                        f.write(chunk)
-                        total_bytes += len(chunk)
-                        chunk_count += 1
-
-                        # Check for cancellation every arbitrary amount of chunks
-                        if chunk_count % 12 == 0:
-                            now = time.time()
-                            if now - last_check >= DISCONNECT_CHECK_INTERVAL:
-                                if cancelled.is_set():
-                                    logger.info("Cancelled during download, exiting early")
-                                    return {"size": 0, "cancelled": True}
-                                last_check = now
-            logger.info(f"Track downloaded: {total_bytes} bytes")
-
-            if cancelled.is_set():
-                logger.info("Cancelled after download, exiting early")
-                return {"size": 0, "cancelled": True}
-
-            # Apply padding using PyAV
-            output_path = os.path.join(temp_dir, "padded.webm")
-            delay_ms = math.floor(req.start_time_seconds * 1000)
-            logger.info(f"Padding track {req.track_index} with {delay_ms}ms delay using PyAV")
-
-            in_container = av.open(input_path)
-            in_stream = next((s for s in in_container.streams if s.type == "audio"), None)
-            if in_stream is None:
-                raise ValueError("No audio stream in input")
-
-            with av.open(output_path, "w", format="webm") as out_container:
-                out_stream = out_container.add_stream("libopus", rate=OPUS_STANDARD_SAMPLE_RATE)
-                out_stream.bit_rate = OPUS_DEFAULT_BIT_RATE
-                graph = av.filter.Graph()
-
-                abuf_args = (
-                    f"time_base=1/{OPUS_STANDARD_SAMPLE_RATE}:"
-                    f"sample_rate={OPUS_STANDARD_SAMPLE_RATE}:"
-                    f"sample_fmt=s16:"
-                    f"channel_layout=stereo"
-                )
-                src = graph.add("abuffer", args=abuf_args, name="src")
-                aresample_f = graph.add("aresample", args="async=1", name="ares")
-                delays_arg = f"{delay_ms}|{delay_ms}"
-                adelay_f = graph.add("adelay", args=f"delays={delays_arg}:all=1", name="delay")
-                sink = graph.add("abuffersink", name="sink")
-
-                src.link_to(aresample_f)
-                aresample_f.link_to(adelay_f)
-                adelay_f.link_to(sink)
-                graph.configure()
-
-                resampler = AudioResampler(
-                    format="s16", layout="stereo", rate=OPUS_STANDARD_SAMPLE_RATE
-                )
-
-                for frame in in_container.decode(in_stream):
-                    # Check for cancellation periodically
-                    now = time.time()
-                    if now - last_check >= DISCONNECT_CHECK_INTERVAL:
-                        if cancelled.is_set():
-                            logger.info("Cancelled during processing, exiting early")
-                            in_container.close()
-                            return {"size": 0, "cancelled": True}
-                        last_check = now
-
-                    out_frames = resampler.resample(frame) or []
-                    for rframe in out_frames:
-                        rframe.sample_rate = OPUS_STANDARD_SAMPLE_RATE
-                        rframe.time_base = Fraction(1, OPUS_STANDARD_SAMPLE_RATE)
-                        src.push(rframe)
-
-                        while True:
-                            try:
-                                f_out = sink.pull()
-                            except Exception:
-                                break
-                            f_out.sample_rate = OPUS_STANDARD_SAMPLE_RATE
-                            f_out.time_base = Fraction(1, OPUS_STANDARD_SAMPLE_RATE)
-                            for packet in out_stream.encode(f_out):
-                                out_container.mux(packet)
-
-                # Flush filter graph
-                src.push(None)
-                while True:
-                    try:
-                        f_out = sink.pull()
-                    except Exception:
-                        break
-                    f_out.sample_rate = OPUS_STANDARD_SAMPLE_RATE
-                    f_out.time_base = Fraction(1, OPUS_STANDARD_SAMPLE_RATE)
-                    for packet in out_stream.encode(f_out):
-                        out_container.mux(packet)
-
-                # Flush encoder
-                for packet in out_stream.encode(None):
-                    out_container.mux(packet)
-
-            in_container.close()
-
-            file_size = os.path.getsize(output_path)
-            logger.info(f"Padding complete: {file_size} bytes")
-
-            logger.info("Uploading padded track to S3")
-
-            with open(output_path, "rb") as f:
-                upload_response = requests.put(req.output_url, data=f, timeout=S3_TIMEOUT)
-
-            upload_response.raise_for_status()
-            logger.info(f"Upload complete: {file_size} bytes")
-
-            return {"size": file_size}
-
-        finally:
-            if input_path and os.path.exists(input_path):
-                try:
-                    os.unlink(input_path)
-                except Exception as e:
-                    logger.warning(f"Failed to cleanup input file: {e}")
-            if output_path and os.path.exists(output_path):
-                try:
-                    os.unlink(output_path)
-                except Exception as e:
-                    logger.warning(f"Failed to cleanup output file: {e}")
-            try:
-                os.rmdir(temp_dir)
-            except Exception as e:
-                logger.warning(f"Failed to cleanup temp directory: {e}")
-
-    return web_app
-
--- a/server/docs/DAILY_REFLECTOR_DATA_MODEL.md
+++ b/server/docs/DAILY_REFLECTOR_DATA_MODEL.md
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ Daily.co Room: "daily-private-igor-20260110042117"
 | **Purpose** | Tracks active session state | Links recordings, transcripts, participants |
 | **Scope** | Per room instance | Per Reflector room + timestamp |

-**Critical Limitation:** Daily.co's recordings API often does NOT return `mtgSessionId` (can be null), requiring time-based matching (see [Time-Based Matching](#time-based-matching)).
+**Critical Limitation:** Daily.co's recordings API often does NOT return `mtgSessionId`, requiring time-based matching (see [Time-Based Matching](#time-based-matching)).

 ### Recording

@@ -101,30 +101,6 @@ Daily.co Room: "daily-private-igor-20260110042117"

 **Critical Behavior:** Recording **stops/restarts** create **separate recording objects** with unique IDs.

-### instanceId (Reflector-Generated)
-
-**Definition:** UUID we generate and send when starting recording via REST API.
-
-**Generation:** Deterministic from meeting_id
- Cloud: `instanceId = meeting_id` directly
- Raw-tracks: `instanceId = UUIDv5(meeting_id, namespace)`
-
-**Key behaviors:**
- ✅ **Reuse allowed:** Same instanceId can be used after stop (validated 2026-01-20)
- ❌ **Not returned:** Daily.co does NOT echo instanceId back in GET /recordings response
- ✅ **Present in error webhooks:** `recording.error` webhook includes instanceId
- **Purpose:** Allows multiple concurrent recordings (cloud + raw-tracks) in same room
-
-**Stop/restart example:**
-```
-Recording 1: POST /start with instanceId="779e6376..." → recording_id="ee00c4e8..."
-Stop recording
-Recording 2: POST /start with instanceId="779e6376..." (SAME) → recording_id="b702f509..." (DIFFERENT)
-✅ Both succeed, different recording_ids returned
-```
-
-**Implication:** Cannot match recordings by instanceId (not in response) - must use recording_id.
-
 ---

 ## Entity Relationships
@@ -220,19 +196,6 @@ Daily.co Room: "daily-private-igor-20260110042117"

 `mtgSessionId` identifies a **Daily.co meeting session** (not individual participants, not a room).

-**Reliability:** Can be null or present in GET /recordings response (unreliable).
-
-**When present:** Multiple recordings from same session (stop/restart with participants connected) share same mtgSessionId.
-
-**Example (validated 2026-01-20):**
-```json
-Recording 1: {"id": "ee00c4e8...", "mtgSessionId": "92c4136a-a8da-41c5-9c45-e9a2baae6bd6"}
-Recording 2: {"id": "b702f509...", "mtgSessionId": "92c4136a-a8da-41c5-9c45-e9a2baae6bd6"}
-// Same mtgSessionId (stop/restart in same session)
-```
-
-**When null:** Common - Daily.co API does not reliably populate this field.
-
 ### session_id (Per-Participant)

 **Different concept:** Per-participant connection identifier from webhooks.
@@ -257,24 +220,16 @@ TABLE daily_participant_session (

 Daily.co's recordings API does not reliably return `mtgSessionId`, making it impossible to directly link recordings to meetings via Daily.co's identifiers.

-**Example API response (mtgSessionId can be null OR present):**
+**Example API response:**
 ```json
 {
  "id": "recording-uuid",
  "room_name": "daily-private-igor-20260110042117",
  "start_ts": 1768018896,
-  "mtgSessionId": null  // ← Often null (unreliable)
-}
-
-// OR (when present):
-{
-  "id": "recording-uuid",
-  "mtgSessionId": "92c4136a-a8da-41c5-9c45-e9a2baae6bd6"  // ← Sometimes present
+  "mtgSessionId": null  ← Missing!
 }
 ```

-**Key insight:** Cannot rely on mtgSessionId for matching (unreliable). instanceId also not returned. Only reliable identifier is recording.id.
-
 ### Solution: Time-Based Matching

 **Implementation:** `reflector/db/meetings.py:get_by_room_name_and_time()`
@@ -536,10 +491,6 @@ UI: User sees 3 separate transcripts


 ---
-**Document Version:** 1.1
-**Last Updated:** 2026-01-20
-**Data Source:** Production database + Daily.co API inspection + empirical testing
-**Changes in 1.1:**
- Added instanceId behavior documentation (reuse allowed, not returned in API)
- Clarified mtgSessionId reliability (can be null or present)
- Added empirical validation of stop/restart behavior
+**Document Version:** 1.0
+**Last Verified:** 2026-01-15
+**Data Source:** Production database + Daily.co API inspection
--- a/server/migrations/versions/f5b008fa8a14_add_daily_recording_requests.py
+++ b/server/migrations/versions/f5b008fa8a14_add_daily_recording_requests.py
@@ -1,67 +0,0 @@
-"""add_daily_recording_requests
-
-Revision ID: f5b008fa8a14
-Revises: 1b1e6a6fc465
-Create Date: 2026-01-20 22:32:06.697144
-
-"""
-
-from typing import Sequence, Union
-
-import sqlalchemy as sa
-from alembic import op
-
-# revision identifiers, used by Alembic.
-revision: str = "f5b008fa8a14"
-down_revision: Union[str, None] = "1b1e6a6fc465"
-branch_labels: Union[str, Sequence[str], None] = None
-depends_on: Union[str, Sequence[str], None] = None
-
-
-def upgrade() -> None:
-    op.create_table(
-        "daily_recording_request",
-        sa.Column("recording_id", sa.String(), nullable=False),
-        sa.Column("meeting_id", sa.String(), nullable=False),
-        sa.Column("instance_id", sa.String(), nullable=False),
-        sa.Column("type", sa.String(), nullable=False),
-        sa.Column("requested_at", sa.DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False),
-        sa.ForeignKeyConstraint(["meeting_id"], ["meeting.id"], ondelete="CASCADE"),
-        sa.PrimaryKeyConstraint("recording_id"),
-    )
-    op.create_index("idx_meeting_id", "daily_recording_request", ["meeting_id"])
-    op.create_index("idx_instance_id", "daily_recording_request", ["instance_id"])
-
-    # Clean up orphaned recordings before adding FK constraint
-    op.execute("""
-        UPDATE recording SET status = 'orphan', meeting_id = NULL
-        WHERE meeting_id IS NOT NULL
-        AND meeting_id NOT IN (SELECT id FROM meeting)
-    """)
-
-    # Add FK constraint to recording table (cascade delete recordings when meeting deleted)
-    op.execute("""
-        ALTER TABLE recording ADD CONSTRAINT fk_recording_meeting
-          FOREIGN KEY (meeting_id) REFERENCES meeting(id) ON DELETE CASCADE
-    """)
-
-    # Add CHECK constraints to enforce orphan invariants
-    op.execute("""
-        ALTER TABLE recording ADD CONSTRAINT chk_orphan_no_meeting
-          CHECK (status != 'orphan' OR meeting_id IS NULL)
-    """)
-    op.execute("""
-        ALTER TABLE recording ADD CONSTRAINT chk_non_orphan_has_meeting
-          CHECK (status = 'orphan' OR meeting_id IS NOT NULL)
-    """)
-
-
-def downgrade() -> None:
-    op.execute("ALTER TABLE recording DROP CONSTRAINT IF EXISTS chk_orphan_no_meeting")
-    op.execute(
-        "ALTER TABLE recording DROP CONSTRAINT IF EXISTS chk_non_orphan_has_meeting"
-    )
-    op.execute("ALTER TABLE recording DROP CONSTRAINT IF EXISTS fk_recording_meeting")
-    op.drop_index("idx_instance_id", table_name="daily_recording_request")
-    op.drop_index("idx_meeting_id", table_name="daily_recording_request")
-    op.drop_table("daily_recording_request")
--- a/server/pyproject.toml
+++ b/server/pyproject.toml
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ readme = "README.md"
 dependencies = [
    "aiohttp>=3.9.0",
    "aiohttp-cors>=0.7.0",
-    "av>=15.0.0",
+    "av>=10.0.0",
    "requests>=2.31.0",
    "aiortc>=1.5.0",
    "sortedcontainers>=2.4.0",
--- a/server/reflector/dailyco_api/recording_orphans.py
+++ b/server/reflector/dailyco_api/recording_orphans.py
@@ -1,56 +0,0 @@
-"""Utility for creating orphan recordings."""
-
-import os
-from datetime import datetime, timezone
-
-from reflector.db.recordings import Recording, recordings_controller
-from reflector.logger import logger
-from reflector.utils.string import NonEmptyString
-
-
-async def create_and_log_orphan(
-    recording_id: NonEmptyString,
-    bucket_name: str,
-    room_name: str,
-    start_ts: int,
-    track_keys: list[str] | None,
-    source: str,
-) -> bool:
-    """Create orphan recording and log if first occurrence.
-
-    Args:
-        recording_id: Daily.co recording ID
-        bucket_name: S3 bucket (empty string for cloud recordings)
-        room_name: Daily.co room name
-        start_ts: Unix timestamp
-        track_keys: Track keys for raw-tracks, None for cloud
-        source: "webhook" or "polling" for logging
-
-    Returns:
-        True if created (first poller), False if already exists
-    """
-    if track_keys:
-        object_key = os.path.dirname(track_keys[0]) if track_keys else room_name
-    else:
-        object_key = room_name
-
-    created = await recordings_controller.create_orphan(
-        Recording(
-            id=recording_id,
-            bucket_name=bucket_name,
-            object_key=object_key,
-            recorded_at=datetime.fromtimestamp(start_ts, tz=timezone.utc),
-            track_keys=track_keys,
-            meeting_id=None,
-            status="orphan",
-        )
-    )
-
-    if created:
-        logger.error(
-            f"Orphan recording ({source})",
-            recording_id=recording_id,
-            room_name=room_name,
-        )
-
-    return created
--- a/server/reflector/db/init.py
+++ b/server/reflector/db/init.py
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@ def get_database() -> databases.Database:
 # import models
 import reflector.db.calendar_events  # noqa
 import reflector.db.daily_participant_sessions  # noqa
-import reflector.db.daily_recording_requests  # noqa
 import reflector.db.meetings  # noqa
 import reflector.db.recordings  # noqa
 import reflector.db.rooms  # noqa
--- a/server/reflector/db/daily_recording_requests.py
+++ b/server/reflector/db/daily_recording_requests.py
@@ -1,111 +0,0 @@
-from datetime import datetime
-from typing import Literal
-from uuid import UUID
-
-import sqlalchemy as sa
-from pydantic import BaseModel
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import insert
-
-from reflector.db import get_database, metadata
-from reflector.utils.string import NonEmptyString
-
-daily_recording_requests = sa.Table(
-    "daily_recording_request",
-    metadata,
-    sa.Column("recording_id", sa.String, primary_key=True),
-    sa.Column(
-        "meeting_id",
-        sa.String,
-        sa.ForeignKey("meeting.id", ondelete="CASCADE"),
-        nullable=False,
-    ),
-    sa.Column("instance_id", sa.String, nullable=False),
-    sa.Column("type", sa.String, nullable=False),
-    sa.Column("requested_at", sa.DateTime(timezone=True), nullable=False),
-    sa.Index("idx_meeting_id", "meeting_id"),
-    sa.Index("idx_instance_id", "instance_id"),
-)
-
-
-class DailyRecordingRequest(BaseModel):
-    recording_id: NonEmptyString
-    meeting_id: NonEmptyString
-    instance_id: UUID
-    type: Literal["cloud", "raw-tracks"]
-    requested_at: datetime
-
-
-class DailyRecordingRequestsController:
-    async def create(self, request: DailyRecordingRequest) -> None:
-        stmt = insert(daily_recording_requests).values(
-            recording_id=request.recording_id,
-            meeting_id=request.meeting_id,
-            instance_id=str(request.instance_id),
-            type=request.type,
-            requested_at=request.requested_at,
-        )
-        stmt = stmt.on_conflict_do_nothing(index_elements=["recording_id"])
-        await get_database().execute(stmt)
-
-    async def find_by_recording_id(
-        self,
-        recording_id: NonEmptyString,
-    ) -> tuple[NonEmptyString, Literal["cloud", "raw-tracks"]] | None:
-        query = daily_recording_requests.select().where(
-            daily_recording_requests.c.recording_id == recording_id
-        )
-        result = await get_database().fetch_one(query)
-
-        if not result:
-            return None
-
-        req = DailyRecordingRequest(
-            recording_id=result["recording_id"],
-            meeting_id=result["meeting_id"],
-            instance_id=UUID(result["instance_id"]),
-            type=result["type"],
-            requested_at=result["requested_at"],
-        )
-        return (req.meeting_id, req.type)
-
-    async def find_by_instance_id(
-        self,
-        instance_id: UUID,
-    ) -> list[DailyRecordingRequest]:
-        """Multiple recordings can have same instance_id (stop/restart)."""
-        query = daily_recording_requests.select().where(
-            daily_recording_requests.c.instance_id == str(instance_id)
-        )
-        results = await get_database().fetch_all(query)
-        return [
-            DailyRecordingRequest(
-                recording_id=r["recording_id"],
-                meeting_id=r["meeting_id"],
-                instance_id=UUID(r["instance_id"]),
-                type=r["type"],
-                requested_at=r["requested_at"],
-            )
-            for r in results
-        ]
-
-    async def get_by_meeting_id(
-        self,
-        meeting_id: NonEmptyString,
-    ) -> list[DailyRecordingRequest]:
-        query = daily_recording_requests.select().where(
-            daily_recording_requests.c.meeting_id == meeting_id
-        )
-        results = await get_database().fetch_all(query)
-        return [
-            DailyRecordingRequest(
-                recording_id=r["recording_id"],
-                meeting_id=r["meeting_id"],
-                instance_id=UUID(r["instance_id"]),
-                type=r["type"],
-                requested_at=r["requested_at"],
-            )
-            for r in results
-        ]
-
-
-daily_recording_requests_controller = DailyRecordingRequestsController()
--- a/server/reflector/db/meetings.py
+++ b/server/reflector/db/meetings.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from datetime import datetime
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta
 from typing import Any, Literal

 import sqlalchemy as sa
@@ -183,6 +183,84 @@ class MeetingController:
        results = await get_database().fetch_all(query)
        return [Meeting(**r) for r in results]

+    async def get_by_room_name_and_time(
+        self,
+        room_name: NonEmptyString,
+        recording_start: datetime,
+        time_window_hours: int = 168,
+    ) -> Meeting | None:
+        """
+        Get meeting by room name closest to recording timestamp.
+
+        HACK ALERT: Daily.co doesn't return instanceId in recordings API response,
+        and mtgSessionId is separate from our instanceId. Time-based matching is
+        the least-bad workaround.
+
+        This handles edge case of duplicate room_name values in DB (race conditions,
+        double-clicks, etc.) by matching based on temporal proximity.
+
+        Algorithm:
+        1. Find meetings within time_window_hours of recording_start
+        2. Return meeting with start_date closest to recording_start
+        3. If tie, return first by meeting.id (deterministic)
+
+        Args:
+            room_name: Daily.co room name from recording
+            recording_start: Timezone-aware datetime from recording.start_ts
+            time_window_hours: Search window (default 168 = 1 week)
+
+        Returns:
+            Meeting closest to recording timestamp, or None if no matches
+
+        Failure modes:
+        - Multiple meetings in same room within ~5 minutes: picks closest
+        - All meetings outside time window: returns None
+        - Clock skew between Daily.co and DB: 1-week window tolerates this
+
+        Why 1 week window:
+        - Handles webhook failures (recording discovered days later)
+        - Tolerates clock skew
+        - Rejects unrelated meetings from weeks ago
+
+        """
+        # Validate timezone-aware datetime
+        if recording_start.tzinfo is None:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"recording_start must be timezone-aware, got naive datetime: {recording_start}"
+            )
+
+        window_start = recording_start - timedelta(hours=time_window_hours)
+        window_end = recording_start + timedelta(hours=time_window_hours)
+
+        query = (
+            meetings.select()
+            .where(
+                sa.and_(
+                    meetings.c.room_name == room_name,
+                    meetings.c.start_date >= window_start,
+                    meetings.c.start_date <= window_end,
+                )
+            )
+            .order_by(meetings.c.start_date)
+        )
+
+        results = await get_database().fetch_all(query)
+        if not results:
+            return None
+
+        candidates = [Meeting(**r) for r in results]
+
+        # Find meeting with start_date closest to recording_start
+        closest = min(
+            candidates,
+            key=lambda m: (
+                abs((m.start_date - recording_start).total_seconds()),
+                m.id,  # Tie-breaker: deterministic by UUID
+            ),
+        )
+
+        return closest
+
    async def get_active(self, room: Room, current_time: datetime) -> Meeting | None:
        """
        Get latest active meeting for a room.
@@ -272,6 +350,44 @@ class MeetingController:
        query = meetings.update().where(meetings.c.id == meeting_id).values(**kwargs)
        await get_database().execute(query)

+    async def set_cloud_recording_if_missing(
+        self,
+        meeting_id: NonEmptyString,
+        s3_key: NonEmptyString,
+        duration: int,
+    ) -> bool:
+        """
+        Set cloud recording only if not already set.
+
+        Returns True if updated, False if already set.
+        Prevents webhook/polling race condition via atomic WHERE clause.
+        """
+        # Check current value before update to detect actual change
+        meeting_before = await self.get_by_id(meeting_id)
+        if not meeting_before:
+            return False
+
+        was_null = meeting_before.daily_composed_video_s3_key is None
+
+        query = (
+            meetings.update()
+            .where(
+                sa.and_(
+                    meetings.c.id == meeting_id,
+                    meetings.c.daily_composed_video_s3_key.is_(None),
+                )
+            )
+            .values(
+                daily_composed_video_s3_key=s3_key,
+                daily_composed_video_duration=duration,
+            )
+        )
+        await get_database().execute(query)
+
+        # Return True only if value was NULL before (actual update occurred)
+        # If was_null=False, the WHERE clause prevented the update
+        return was_null
+
    async def increment_num_clients(self, meeting_id: str) -> None:
        """Atomically increment participant count."""
        query = (
@@ -351,27 +467,6 @@ class MeetingConsentController:
        result = await get_database().fetch_one(query)
        return result is not None

-    async def set_cloud_recording_if_missing(
-        self,
-        meeting_id: NonEmptyString,
-        s3_key: NonEmptyString,
-        duration: int,
-    ) -> bool:
-        """Returns True if updated, False if already set."""
-        query = (
-            meetings.update()
-            .where(
-                meetings.c.id == meeting_id,
-                meetings.c.daily_composed_video_s3_key.is_(None),
-            )
-            .values(
-                daily_composed_video_s3_key=s3_key,
-                daily_composed_video_duration=duration,
-            )
-        )
-        result = await get_database().execute(query)
-        return result.rowcount > 0
-

 meetings_controller = MeetingController()
 meeting_consent_controller = MeetingConsentController()
--- a/server/reflector/db/recordings.py
+++ b/server/reflector/db/recordings.py
@@ -4,10 +4,10 @@ from typing import Literal
 import sqlalchemy as sa
 from pydantic import BaseModel, Field
 from sqlalchemy import or_
-from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import insert

 from reflector.db import get_database, metadata
 from reflector.utils import generate_uuid4
+from reflector.utils.string import NonEmptyString

 recordings = sa.Table(
    "recording",
@@ -31,13 +31,14 @@ recordings = sa.Table(
 class Recording(BaseModel):
    id: str = Field(default_factory=generate_uuid4)
    bucket_name: str
+    # for single-track
    object_key: str
    recorded_at: datetime
-    status: Literal["pending", "processing", "completed", "failed", "orphan"] = (
-        "pending"
-    )
+    status: Literal["pending", "processing", "completed", "failed"] = "pending"
    meeting_id: str | None = None
-    # None = single-track, [] = multitrack with no audio, [keys...] = multitrack with audio
+    # for multitrack reprocessing
+    # track_keys can be empty list [] if recording finished but no audio was captured (silence/muted)
+    # None means not a multitrack recording, [] means multitrack with no tracks
    track_keys: list[str] | None = None

    @property
@@ -71,6 +72,20 @@ class RecordingController:
        query = recordings.delete().where(recordings.c.id == id)
        await get_database().execute(query)

+    async def set_meeting_id(
+        self,
+        recording_id: NonEmptyString,
+        meeting_id: NonEmptyString,
+    ) -> None:
+        """Link recording to meeting."""
+        query = (
+            recordings.update()
+            .where(recordings.c.id == recording_id)
+            .values(meeting_id=meeting_id)
+        )
+        await get_database().execute(query)
+
+    # no check for existence
    async def get_by_ids(self, recording_ids: list[str]) -> list[Recording]:
        if not recording_ids:
            return []
@@ -89,12 +104,9 @@ class RecordingController:

        This is more efficient than fetching all recordings and filtering in Python.
        """
-        # INLINE IMPORT REQUIRED: Circular dependency
-        # - recordings.py needs transcripts table for JOIN query
-        # - transcripts.py imports recordings_controller
-        # - db/__init__.py loads recordings before transcripts (line 31 vs 33)
-        # - Top-level import would fail during module initialization
-        from reflector.db.transcripts import transcripts
+        from reflector.db.transcripts import (
+            transcripts,  # noqa: PLC0415 cyclic import
+        )

        query = (
            recordings.select()
@@ -112,27 +124,5 @@ class RecordingController:
        recordings_list = [Recording(**row) for row in results]
        return [r for r in recordings_list if r.is_multitrack]

-    async def try_create_with_meeting(self, recording: Recording) -> bool:
-        """Returns True if created, False if already exists."""
-        assert recording.meeting_id is not None, "meeting_id required for non-orphan"
-        assert recording.status != "orphan", "use create_orphan for orphans"
-
-        stmt = insert(recordings).values(**recording.model_dump())
-        stmt = stmt.on_conflict_do_nothing(index_elements=["id"])
-        result = await get_database().execute(stmt)
-
-        return result.rowcount > 0
-
-    async def create_orphan(self, recording: Recording) -> bool:
-        """Returns True if created, False if already exists."""
-        assert recording.status == "orphan", "status must be 'orphan'"
-        assert recording.meeting_id is None, "meeting_id must be NULL for orphan"
-
-        stmt = insert(recordings).values(**recording.model_dump())
-        stmt = stmt.on_conflict_do_nothing(index_elements=["id"])
-        result = await get_database().execute(stmt)
-
-        return result.rowcount > 0
-

 recordings_controller = RecordingController()
--- a/server/reflector/hatchet/constants.py
+++ b/server/reflector/hatchet/constants.py
@@ -8,7 +8,8 @@ from enum import StrEnum
 class TaskName(StrEnum):
    GET_RECORDING = "get_recording"
    GET_PARTICIPANTS = "get_participants"
-    PROCESS_TRACKS = "process_tracks"
+    PROCESS_PADDINGS = "process_paddings"
+    PROCESS_TRANSCRIPTIONS = "process_transcriptions"
    MIXDOWN_TRACKS = "mixdown_tracks"
    GENERATE_WAVEFORM = "generate_waveform"
    DETECT_TOPICS = "detect_topics"
@@ -35,9 +36,7 @@ LLM_RATE_LIMIT_PER_SECOND = 10

 # Task execution timeouts (seconds)
 TIMEOUT_SHORT = 60  # Quick operations: API calls, DB updates
-TIMEOUT_MEDIUM = (
-    300  # Single LLM calls, waveform generation (5m for slow LLM responses)
-)
+TIMEOUT_MEDIUM = 120  # Single LLM calls, waveform generation
 TIMEOUT_LONG = 180  # Action items (larger context LLM)
-TIMEOUT_AUDIO = 720  # Audio processing: padding, mixdown
+TIMEOUT_AUDIO = 300  # Audio processing: padding, mixdown
 TIMEOUT_HEAVY = 600  # Transcription, fan-out LLM tasks
--- a/server/reflector/hatchet/run_workers_cpu.py
+++ b/server/reflector/hatchet/run_workers_cpu.py
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 """
 CPU-heavy worker pool for audio processing tasks.
-Handles ONLY: mixdown_tracks
+Handles: mixdown_tracks only (serialized with max_runs=1)

 Configuration:
- slots=1: Only mixdown (already serialized globally with max_runs=1)
+- slots=1: Only one mixdown at a time
 - Worker affinity: pool=cpu-heavy
 """

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ def main():

    cpu_worker = hatchet.worker(
        "cpu-worker-pool",
-        slots=1,  # Only 1 mixdown at a time (already serialized globally)
+        slots=1,
        labels={
            "pool": "cpu-heavy",
        },
--- a/server/reflector/hatchet/run_workers_llm.py
+++ b/server/reflector/hatchet/run_workers_llm.py
@@ -1,15 +1,16 @@
 """
 LLM/I/O worker pool for all non-CPU tasks.
-Handles: all tasks except mixdown_tracks (transcription, LLM inference, orchestration)
+Handles: all tasks except mixdown_tracks (padding, transcription, LLM inference, orchestration)
 """

 from reflector.hatchet.client import HatchetClientManager
 from reflector.hatchet.workflows.daily_multitrack_pipeline import (
    daily_multitrack_pipeline,
 )
+from reflector.hatchet.workflows.padding_workflow import padding_workflow
 from reflector.hatchet.workflows.subject_processing import subject_workflow
 from reflector.hatchet.workflows.topic_chunk_processing import topic_chunk_workflow
-from reflector.hatchet.workflows.track_processing import track_workflow
+from reflector.hatchet.workflows.transcription_workflow import transcription_workflow
 from reflector.logger import logger

 SLOTS = 10
@@ -29,7 +30,7 @@ def main():

    llm_worker = hatchet.worker(
        WORKER_NAME,
-        slots=SLOTS,  # not all slots are probably used
+        slots=SLOTS,
        labels={
            "pool": POOL,
        },
@@ -37,7 +38,8 @@ def main():
            daily_multitrack_pipeline,
            topic_chunk_workflow,
            subject_workflow,
-            track_workflow,
+            padding_workflow,
+            transcription_workflow,
        ],
    )

--- a/server/reflector/hatchet/workflows/init.py
+++ b/server/reflector/hatchet/workflows/init.py
@@ -4,6 +4,10 @@ from reflector.hatchet.workflows.daily_multitrack_pipeline import (
    PipelineInput,
    daily_multitrack_pipeline,
 )
+from reflector.hatchet.workflows.padding_workflow import (
+    PaddingInput,
+    padding_workflow,
+)
 from reflector.hatchet.workflows.subject_processing import (
    SubjectInput,
    subject_workflow,
@@ -12,15 +16,20 @@ from reflector.hatchet.workflows.topic_chunk_processing import (
    TopicChunkInput,
    topic_chunk_workflow,
 )
-from reflector.hatchet.workflows.track_processing import TrackInput, track_workflow
+from reflector.hatchet.workflows.transcription_workflow import (
+    TranscriptionInput,
+    transcription_workflow,
+)

 __all__ = [
    "daily_multitrack_pipeline",
    "subject_workflow",
    "topic_chunk_workflow",
-    "track_workflow",
+    "padding_workflow",
+    "transcription_workflow",
    "PipelineInput",
    "SubjectInput",
    "TopicChunkInput",
-    "TrackInput",
+    "PaddingInput",
+    "TranscriptionInput",
 ]
--- a/server/reflector/hatchet/workflows/daily_multitrack_pipeline.py
+++ b/server/reflector/hatchet/workflows/daily_multitrack_pipeline.py
@@ -54,8 +54,9 @@ from reflector.hatchet.workflows.models import (
    PadTrackResult,
    ParticipantInfo,
    ParticipantsResult,
+    ProcessPaddingsResult,
    ProcessSubjectsResult,
-    ProcessTracksResult,
+    ProcessTranscriptionsResult,
    RecapResult,
    RecordingResult,
    SubjectsResult,
@@ -68,6 +69,7 @@ from reflector.hatchet.workflows.models import (
    WebhookResult,
    ZulipResult,
 )
+from reflector.hatchet.workflows.padding_workflow import PaddingInput, padding_workflow
 from reflector.hatchet.workflows.subject_processing import (
    SubjectInput,
    subject_workflow,
@@ -76,7 +78,10 @@ from reflector.hatchet.workflows.topic_chunk_processing import (
    TopicChunkInput,
    topic_chunk_workflow,
 )
-from reflector.hatchet.workflows.track_processing import TrackInput, track_workflow
+from reflector.hatchet.workflows.transcription_workflow import (
+    TranscriptionInput,
+    transcription_workflow,
+)
 from reflector.logger import logger
 from reflector.pipelines import topic_processing
 from reflector.processors import AudioFileWriterProcessor
@@ -322,7 +327,6 @@ async def get_participants(input: PipelineInput, ctx: Context) -> ParticipantsRe
    mtg_session_id = recording.mtg_session_id
    async with fresh_db_connection():
        from reflector.db.transcripts import (  # noqa: PLC0415
-            TranscriptDuration,
            TranscriptParticipant,
            transcripts_controller,
        )
@@ -331,26 +335,15 @@ async def get_participants(input: PipelineInput, ctx: Context) -> ParticipantsRe
        if not transcript:
            raise ValueError(f"Transcript {input.transcript_id} not found")
        # Note: title NOT cleared - preserves existing titles
-        # Duration from Daily API (seconds -> milliseconds) - master source
-        duration_ms = recording.duration * 1000 if recording.duration else 0
        await transcripts_controller.update(
            transcript,
            {
                "events": [],
                "topics": [],
                "participants": [],
-                "duration": duration_ms,
            },
        )

-        await append_event_and_broadcast(
-            input.transcript_id,
-            transcript,
-            "DURATION",
-            TranscriptDuration(duration=duration_ms),
-            logger=logger,
-        )
-
        mtg_session_id = assert_non_none_and_non_empty(
            mtg_session_id, "mtg_session_id is required"
        )
@@ -416,72 +409,115 @@ async def get_participants(input: PipelineInput, ctx: Context) -> ParticipantsRe
    execution_timeout=timedelta(seconds=TIMEOUT_HEAVY),
    retries=3,
 )
-@with_error_handling(TaskName.PROCESS_TRACKS)
-async def process_tracks(input: PipelineInput, ctx: Context) -> ProcessTracksResult:
-    """Spawn child workflows for each track (dynamic fan-out)."""
-    ctx.log(f"process_tracks: spawning {len(input.tracks)} track workflows")
-
-    participants_result = ctx.task_output(get_participants)
-    source_language = participants_result.source_language
+@with_error_handling(TaskName.PROCESS_PADDINGS)
+async def process_paddings(input: PipelineInput, ctx: Context) -> ProcessPaddingsResult:
+    """Spawn child workflows for each track to apply padding (dynamic fan-out)."""
+    ctx.log(f"process_paddings: spawning {len(input.tracks)} padding workflows")

    bulk_runs = [
-        track_workflow.create_bulk_run_item(
-            input=TrackInput(
+        padding_workflow.create_bulk_run_item(
+            input=PaddingInput(
                track_index=i,
                s3_key=track["s3_key"],
                bucket_name=input.bucket_name,
                transcript_id=input.transcript_id,
-                language=source_language,
            )
        )
        for i, track in enumerate(input.tracks)
    ]

-    results = await track_workflow.aio_run_many(bulk_runs)
+    results = await padding_workflow.aio_run_many(bulk_runs)

-    target_language = participants_result.target_language
-
-    track_words: list[list[Word]] = []
    padded_tracks = []
-    created_padded_files = set()
+    created_padded_files = []

    for result in results:
-        transcribe_result = TranscribeTrackResult(**result[TaskName.TRANSCRIBE_TRACK])
-        track_words.append(transcribe_result.words)
-
        pad_result = PadTrackResult(**result[TaskName.PAD_TRACK])

-        # Store S3 key info (not presigned URL) - consumer tasks presign on demand
-        if pad_result.padded_key:
-            padded_tracks.append(
-                PaddedTrackInfo(
-                    key=pad_result.padded_key, bucket_name=pad_result.bucket_name
-                )
+        padded_tracks.append(
+            PaddedTrackInfo(
+                key=pad_result.padded_key,
+                bucket_name=pad_result.bucket_name,
+                track_index=pad_result.track_index,
            )
+        )

        if pad_result.size > 0:
            storage_path = f"file_pipeline_hatchet/{input.transcript_id}/tracks/padded_{pad_result.track_index}.webm"
-            created_padded_files.add(storage_path)
+            created_padded_files.append(storage_path)

-    all_words = [word for words in track_words for word in words]
-    all_words.sort(key=lambda w: w.start)
+    ctx.log(f"process_paddings complete: {len(padded_tracks)} padded tracks")

-    ctx.log(
-        f"process_tracks complete: {len(all_words)} words from {len(input.tracks)} tracks"
-    )
-
-    return ProcessTracksResult(
-        all_words=all_words,
+    return ProcessPaddingsResult(
        padded_tracks=padded_tracks,
-        word_count=len(all_words),
        num_tracks=len(input.tracks),
-        target_language=target_language,
        created_padded_files=list(created_padded_files),
    )


@daily_multitrack_pipeline.task(
-    parents=[process_tracks],
+    parents=[process_paddings],
+    execution_timeout=timedelta(seconds=TIMEOUT_HEAVY),
+    retries=3,
+)
+@with_error_handling(TaskName.PROCESS_TRANSCRIPTIONS)
+async def process_transcriptions(
+    input: PipelineInput, ctx: Context
+) -> ProcessTranscriptionsResult:
+    """Spawn child workflows for each padded track to transcribe (dynamic fan-out)."""
+    participants_result = ctx.task_output(get_participants)
+    paddings_result = ctx.task_output(process_paddings)
+
+    source_language = participants_result.source_language
+    if not source_language:
+        raise ValueError("source_language is required for transcription")
+
+    target_language = participants_result.target_language
+    padded_tracks = paddings_result.padded_tracks
+
+    if not padded_tracks:
+        raise ValueError("No padded tracks available for transcription")
+
+    ctx.log(
+        f"process_transcriptions: spawning {len(padded_tracks)} transcription workflows"
+    )
+
+    bulk_runs = [
+        transcription_workflow.create_bulk_run_item(
+            input=TranscriptionInput(
+                track_index=padded_track.track_index,
+                padded_key=padded_track.key,
+                bucket_name=padded_track.bucket_name,
+                language=source_language,
+            )
+        )
+        for padded_track in padded_tracks
+    ]
+
+    results = await transcription_workflow.aio_run_many(bulk_runs)
+
+    track_words: list[list[Word]] = []
+    for result in results:
+        transcribe_result = TranscribeTrackResult(**result[TaskName.TRANSCRIBE_TRACK])
+        track_words.append(transcribe_result.words)
+
+    all_words = [word for words in track_words for word in words]
+    all_words.sort(key=lambda w: w.start)
+
+    ctx.log(
+        f"process_transcriptions complete: {len(all_words)} words from {len(padded_tracks)} tracks"
+    )
+
+    return ProcessTranscriptionsResult(
+        all_words=all_words,
+        word_count=len(all_words),
+        num_tracks=len(input.tracks),
+        target_language=target_language,
+    )
+
+
+@daily_multitrack_pipeline.task(
+    parents=[process_paddings],
    execution_timeout=timedelta(seconds=TIMEOUT_AUDIO),
    retries=3,
    desired_worker_labels={
@@ -501,12 +537,12 @@ async def process_tracks(input: PipelineInput, ctx: Context) -> ProcessTracksRes
 )
@with_error_handling(TaskName.MIXDOWN_TRACKS)
 async def mixdown_tracks(input: PipelineInput, ctx: Context) -> MixdownResult:
-    """Mix all padded tracks into single audio file using PyAV (same as Celery)."""
+    """Mix all padded tracks into single audio file using PyAV."""
    ctx.log("mixdown_tracks: mixing padded tracks into single audio file")

-    track_result = ctx.task_output(process_tracks)
+    paddings_result = ctx.task_output(process_paddings)
    recording_result = ctx.task_output(get_recording)
-    padded_tracks = track_result.padded_tracks
+    padded_tracks = paddings_result.padded_tracks

    # Dynamic timeout: scales with track count and recording duration
    # Base 300s + 60s per track + 1s per 10s of recording
@@ -660,7 +696,7 @@ async def generate_waveform(input: PipelineInput, ctx: Context) -> WaveformResul


@daily_multitrack_pipeline.task(
-    parents=[process_tracks],
+    parents=[process_transcriptions],
    execution_timeout=timedelta(seconds=TIMEOUT_HEAVY),
    retries=3,
 )
@@ -669,8 +705,8 @@ async def detect_topics(input: PipelineInput, ctx: Context) -> TopicsResult:
    """Detect topics using parallel child workflows (one per chunk)."""
    ctx.log("detect_topics: analyzing transcript for topics")

-    track_result = ctx.task_output(process_tracks)
-    words = track_result.all_words
+    transcriptions_result = ctx.task_output(process_transcriptions)
+    words = transcriptions_result.all_words

    if not words:
        ctx.log("detect_topics: no words, returning empty topics")
@@ -1107,7 +1143,7 @@ async def identify_action_items(


@daily_multitrack_pipeline.task(
-    parents=[process_tracks, generate_title, generate_recap, identify_action_items],
+    parents=[generate_title, generate_recap, identify_action_items],
    execution_timeout=timedelta(seconds=TIMEOUT_SHORT),
    retries=3,
 )
@@ -1120,10 +1156,15 @@ async def finalize(input: PipelineInput, ctx: Context) -> FinalizeResult:
    """
    ctx.log("finalize: saving transcript and setting status to 'ended'")

-    track_result = ctx.task_output(process_tracks)
+    mixdown_result = ctx.task_output(mixdown_tracks)
+    transcriptions_result = ctx.task_output(process_transcriptions)
+    paddings_result = ctx.task_output(process_paddings)
+
+    duration = mixdown_result.duration
+    all_words = transcriptions_result.all_words

    # Cleanup temporary padded S3 files (deferred until finalize for semantic parity with Celery)
-    created_padded_files = track_result.created_padded_files
+    created_padded_files = paddings_result.created_padded_files
    if created_padded_files:
        ctx.log(f"Cleaning up {len(created_padded_files)} temporary S3 files")
        storage = _spawn_storage()
@@ -1141,6 +1182,7 @@ async def finalize(input: PipelineInput, ctx: Context) -> FinalizeResult:

    async with fresh_db_connection():
        from reflector.db.transcripts import (  # noqa: PLC0415
+            TranscriptDuration,
            TranscriptText,
            transcripts_controller,
        )
@@ -1149,6 +1191,8 @@ async def finalize(input: PipelineInput, ctx: Context) -> FinalizeResult:
        if transcript is None:
            raise ValueError(f"Transcript {input.transcript_id} not found in database")

+        merged_transcript = TranscriptType(words=all_words, translation=None)
+
        await append_event_and_broadcast(
            input.transcript_id,
            transcript,
@@ -1160,15 +1204,21 @@ async def finalize(input: PipelineInput, ctx: Context) -> FinalizeResult:
            logger=logger,
        )

-        # Clear workflow_run_id (workflow completed successfully)
-        # Note: title/long_summary/short_summary/duration already saved by their callbacks
+        # Save duration and clear workflow_run_id (workflow completed successfully)
+        # Note: title/long_summary/short_summary already saved by their callbacks
        await transcripts_controller.update(
            transcript,
            {
+                "duration": duration,
                "workflow_run_id": None,  # Clear on success - no need to resume
            },
        )

+        duration_data = TranscriptDuration(duration=duration)
+        await append_event_and_broadcast(
+            input.transcript_id, transcript, "DURATION", duration_data, logger=logger
+        )
+
        await set_status_and_broadcast(input.transcript_id, "ended", logger=logger)

        ctx.log(
--- a/server/reflector/hatchet/workflows/models.py
+++ b/server/reflector/hatchet/workflows/models.py
@@ -21,12 +21,14 @@ class ParticipantInfo(BaseModel):


 class PadTrackResult(BaseModel):
-    """Result from pad_track task."""
+    """Result from pad_track task.

-    padded_key: NonEmptyString  # S3 key (not presigned URL) - presign on demand to avoid stale URLs on replay
-    bucket_name: (
-        NonEmptyString | None
-    )  # None means use default transcript storage bucket
+    If size=0, track required no padding and padded_key contains original S3 key.
+    If size>0, track was padded and padded_key contains new padded file S3 key.
+    """
+
+    padded_key: NonEmptyString
+    bucket_name: NonEmptyString | None
    size: int
    track_index: int

@@ -59,18 +61,25 @@ class PaddedTrackInfo(BaseModel):
    """Info for a padded track - S3 key + bucket for on-demand presigning."""

    key: NonEmptyString
-    bucket_name: NonEmptyString | None  # None = use default storage bucket
+    bucket_name: NonEmptyString | None
+    track_index: int


-class ProcessTracksResult(BaseModel):
-    """Result from process_tracks task."""
+class ProcessPaddingsResult(BaseModel):
+    """Result from process_paddings task."""
+
+    padded_tracks: list[PaddedTrackInfo]
+    num_tracks: int
+    created_padded_files: list[NonEmptyString]
+
+
+class ProcessTranscriptionsResult(BaseModel):
+    """Result from process_transcriptions task."""

    all_words: list[Word]
-    padded_tracks: list[PaddedTrackInfo]  # S3 keys, not presigned URLs
    word_count: int
    num_tracks: int
    target_language: NonEmptyString
-    created_padded_files: list[NonEmptyString]


 class MixdownResult(BaseModel):
--- a/server/reflector/hatchet/workflows/padding_workflow.py
+++ b/server/reflector/hatchet/workflows/padding_workflow.py
@@ -1,9 +1,11 @@
 """
 Hatchet child workflow: PaddingWorkflow
-Handles individual audio track padding via Modal.com backend.
+Handles individual audio track padding only.
 """

+import tempfile
 from datetime import timedelta
+from pathlib import Path

 import av
 from hatchet_sdk import Context
@@ -14,7 +16,10 @@ from reflector.hatchet.constants import TIMEOUT_AUDIO
 from reflector.hatchet.workflows.models import PadTrackResult
 from reflector.logger import logger
 from reflector.utils.audio_constants import PRESIGNED_URL_EXPIRATION_SECONDS
-from reflector.utils.audio_padding import extract_stream_start_time_from_container
+from reflector.utils.audio_padding import (
+    apply_audio_padding_to_file,
+    extract_stream_start_time_from_container,
+)


 class PaddingInput(BaseModel):
@@ -63,83 +68,61 @@ async def pad_track(input: PaddingInput, ctx: Context) -> PadTrackResult:
            bucket=input.bucket_name,
        )

-        # Extract start_time to determine if padding needed
        with av.open(source_url) as in_container:
-            if in_container.duration:
-                try:
-                    duration = timedelta(seconds=in_container.duration // 1_000_000)
-                    ctx.log(
-                        f"pad_track: track {input.track_index}, duration={duration}"
-                    )
-                except (ValueError, TypeError, OverflowError) as e:
-                    ctx.log(
-                        f"pad_track: track {input.track_index}, duration error: {str(e)}"
-                    )
+            with av.open(source_url) as in_container:
+                if in_container.duration:
+                    try:
+                        duration = timedelta(seconds=in_container.duration // 1_000_000)
+                        ctx.log(
+                            f"pad_track: track {input.track_index}, duration={duration}"
+                        )
+                    except (ValueError, TypeError, OverflowError) as e:
+                        ctx.log(
+                            f"pad_track: track {input.track_index}, duration error: {str(e)}"
+                        )

            start_time_seconds = extract_stream_start_time_from_container(
                in_container, input.track_index, logger=logger
            )

-        if start_time_seconds <= 0:
-            logger.info(
-                f"Track {input.track_index} requires no padding",
-                track_index=input.track_index,
-            )
-            return PadTrackResult(
-                padded_key=input.s3_key,
-                bucket_name=input.bucket_name,
-                size=0,
-                track_index=input.track_index,
-            )
+            if start_time_seconds <= 0:
+                logger.info(
+                    f"Track {input.track_index} requires no padding",
+                    track_index=input.track_index,
+                )
+                return PadTrackResult(
+                    padded_key=input.s3_key,
+                    bucket_name=input.bucket_name,
+                    size=0,
+                    track_index=input.track_index,
+                )

-        storage_path = f"file_pipeline_hatchet/{input.transcript_id}/tracks/padded_{input.track_index}.webm"
+            storage_path = f"file_pipeline_hatchet/{input.transcript_id}/tracks/padded_{input.track_index}.webm"

-        # Presign PUT URL for output (Modal will upload directly)
-        output_url = await storage.get_file_url(
-            storage_path,
-            operation="put_object",
-            expires_in=PRESIGNED_URL_EXPIRATION_SECONDS,
-        )
+            with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(suffix=".webm", delete=False) as temp_file:
+                temp_path = temp_file.name

-        import httpx  # noqa: PLC0415
+            try:
+                apply_audio_padding_to_file(
+                    in_container,
+                    temp_path,
+                    start_time_seconds,
+                    input.track_index,
+                    logger=logger,
+                )

-        from reflector.processors.audio_padding_modal import (  # noqa: PLC0415
-            AudioPaddingModalProcessor,
-        )
+                file_size = Path(temp_path).stat().st_size

-        try:
-            processor = AudioPaddingModalProcessor()
-            result = await processor.pad_track(
-                track_url=source_url,
-                output_url=output_url,
-                start_time_seconds=start_time_seconds,
-                track_index=input.track_index,
-            )
-            file_size = result.size
+                with open(temp_path, "rb") as padded_file:
+                    await storage.put_file(storage_path, padded_file)

-            ctx.log(f"pad_track: Modal returned size={file_size}")
-        except httpx.HTTPStatusError as e:
-            error_detail = e.response.text if hasattr(e.response, "text") else str(e)
-            logger.error(
-                "[Hatchet] Modal padding HTTP error",
-                transcript_id=input.transcript_id,
-                track_index=input.track_index,
-                status_code=e.response.status_code if hasattr(e, "response") else None,
-                error=error_detail,
-                exc_info=True,
-            )
-            raise Exception(
-                f"Modal padding failed: HTTP {e.response.status_code}"
-            ) from e
-        except httpx.TimeoutException as e:
-            logger.error(
-                "[Hatchet] Modal padding timeout",
-                transcript_id=input.transcript_id,
-                track_index=input.track_index,
-                error=str(e),
-                exc_info=True,
-            )
-            raise Exception("Modal padding timeout") from e
+                logger.info(
+                    f"Uploaded padded track to S3",
+                    key=storage_path,
+                    size=file_size,
+                )
+            finally:
+                Path(temp_path).unlink(missing_ok=True)

        logger.info(
            "[Hatchet] pad_track complete",
--- a/server/reflector/hatchet/workflows/track_processing.py
+++ b/server/reflector/hatchet/workflows/track_processing.py
@@ -1,205 +0,0 @@
-"""
-Hatchet child workflow: TrackProcessing
-
-Handles individual audio track processing: padding and transcription.
-Spawned dynamically by the main diarization pipeline for each track.
-
-Architecture note: This is a separate workflow (not inline tasks in DailyMultitrackPipeline)
-because Hatchet workflow DAGs are defined statically, but the number of tracks varies
-at runtime. Child workflow spawning via `aio_run()` + `asyncio.gather()` is the
-standard pattern for dynamic fan-out. See `process_tracks` in daily_multitrack_pipeline.py.
-
-Note: This file uses deferred imports (inside tasks) intentionally.
-Hatchet workers run in forked processes; fresh imports per task ensure
-storage/DB connections are not shared across forks.
-"""
-
-from datetime import timedelta
-
-import av
-from hatchet_sdk import Context
-from pydantic import BaseModel
-
-from reflector.hatchet.client import HatchetClientManager
-from reflector.hatchet.constants import TIMEOUT_AUDIO, TIMEOUT_HEAVY
-from reflector.hatchet.workflows.models import PadTrackResult, TranscribeTrackResult
-from reflector.logger import logger
-from reflector.utils.audio_constants import PRESIGNED_URL_EXPIRATION_SECONDS
-from reflector.utils.audio_padding import extract_stream_start_time_from_container
-
-
-class TrackInput(BaseModel):
-    """Input for individual track processing."""
-
-    track_index: int
-    s3_key: str
-    bucket_name: str
-    transcript_id: str
-    language: str = "en"
-
-
-hatchet = HatchetClientManager.get_client()
-
-track_workflow = hatchet.workflow(name="TrackProcessing", input_validator=TrackInput)
-
-
-@track_workflow.task(execution_timeout=timedelta(seconds=TIMEOUT_AUDIO), retries=3)
-async def pad_track(input: TrackInput, ctx: Context) -> PadTrackResult:
-    """Pad single audio track with silence for alignment.
-
-    Extracts stream.start_time from WebM container metadata and applies
-    silence padding using PyAV filter graph (adelay).
-    """
-    ctx.log(f"pad_track: track {input.track_index}, s3_key={input.s3_key}")
-    logger.info(
-        "[Hatchet] pad_track",
-        track_index=input.track_index,
-        s3_key=input.s3_key,
-        transcript_id=input.transcript_id,
-    )
-
-    try:
-        # Create fresh storage instance to avoid aioboto3 fork issues
-        from reflector.settings import settings  # noqa: PLC0415
-        from reflector.storage.storage_aws import AwsStorage  # noqa: PLC0415
-
-        storage = AwsStorage(
-            aws_bucket_name=settings.TRANSCRIPT_STORAGE_AWS_BUCKET_NAME,
-            aws_region=settings.TRANSCRIPT_STORAGE_AWS_REGION,
-            aws_access_key_id=settings.TRANSCRIPT_STORAGE_AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID,
-            aws_secret_access_key=settings.TRANSCRIPT_STORAGE_AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY,
-        )
-
-        source_url = await storage.get_file_url(
-            input.s3_key,
-            operation="get_object",
-            expires_in=PRESIGNED_URL_EXPIRATION_SECONDS,
-            bucket=input.bucket_name,
-        )
-
-        with av.open(source_url) as in_container:
-            start_time_seconds = extract_stream_start_time_from_container(
-                in_container, input.track_index, logger=logger
-            )
-
-        # If no padding needed, return original S3 key
-        if start_time_seconds <= 0:
-            logger.info(
-                f"Track {input.track_index} requires no padding",
-                track_index=input.track_index,
-            )
-            return PadTrackResult(
-                padded_key=input.s3_key,
-                bucket_name=input.bucket_name,
-                size=0,
-                track_index=input.track_index,
-            )
-
-        storage_path = f"file_pipeline_hatchet/{input.transcript_id}/tracks/padded_{input.track_index}.webm"
-
-        # Presign PUT URL for output (Modal uploads directly)
-        output_url = await storage.get_file_url(
-            storage_path,
-            operation="put_object",
-            expires_in=PRESIGNED_URL_EXPIRATION_SECONDS,
-        )
-
-        from reflector.processors.audio_padding_modal import (  # noqa: PLC0415
-            AudioPaddingModalProcessor,
-        )
-
-        processor = AudioPaddingModalProcessor()
-        result = await processor.pad_track(
-            track_url=source_url,
-            output_url=output_url,
-            start_time_seconds=start_time_seconds,
-            track_index=input.track_index,
-        )
-        file_size = result.size
-
-        ctx.log(f"pad_track complete: track {input.track_index} -> {storage_path}")
-        logger.info(
-            "[Hatchet] pad_track complete",
-            track_index=input.track_index,
-            padded_key=storage_path,
-        )
-
-        # Return S3 key (not presigned URL) - consumer tasks presign on demand
-        # This avoids stale URLs when workflow is replayed
-        return PadTrackResult(
-            padded_key=storage_path,
-            bucket_name=None,  # None = use default transcript storage bucket
-            size=file_size,
-            track_index=input.track_index,
-        )
-
-    except Exception as e:
-        logger.error("[Hatchet] pad_track failed", error=str(e), exc_info=True)
-        raise
-
-
-@track_workflow.task(
-    parents=[pad_track], execution_timeout=timedelta(seconds=TIMEOUT_HEAVY), retries=3
-)
-async def transcribe_track(input: TrackInput, ctx: Context) -> TranscribeTrackResult:
-    """Transcribe audio track using GPU (Modal.com) or local Whisper."""
-    ctx.log(f"transcribe_track: track {input.track_index}, language={input.language}")
-    logger.info(
-        "[Hatchet] transcribe_track",
-        track_index=input.track_index,
-        language=input.language,
-    )
-
-    try:
-        pad_result = ctx.task_output(pad_track)
-        padded_key = pad_result.padded_key
-        bucket_name = pad_result.bucket_name
-
-        if not padded_key:
-            raise ValueError("Missing padded_key from pad_track")
-
-        # Presign URL on demand (avoids stale URLs on workflow replay)
-        from reflector.settings import settings  # noqa: PLC0415
-        from reflector.storage.storage_aws import AwsStorage  # noqa: PLC0415
-
-        storage = AwsStorage(
-            aws_bucket_name=settings.TRANSCRIPT_STORAGE_AWS_BUCKET_NAME,
-            aws_region=settings.TRANSCRIPT_STORAGE_AWS_REGION,
-            aws_access_key_id=settings.TRANSCRIPT_STORAGE_AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID,
-            aws_secret_access_key=settings.TRANSCRIPT_STORAGE_AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY,
-        )
-
-        audio_url = await storage.get_file_url(
-            padded_key,
-            operation="get_object",
-            expires_in=PRESIGNED_URL_EXPIRATION_SECONDS,
-            bucket=bucket_name,
-        )
-
-        from reflector.pipelines.transcription_helpers import (  # noqa: PLC0415
-            transcribe_file_with_processor,
-        )
-
-        transcript = await transcribe_file_with_processor(audio_url, input.language)
-
-        # Tag all words with speaker index
-        for word in transcript.words:
-            word.speaker = input.track_index
-
-        ctx.log(
-            f"transcribe_track complete: track {input.track_index}, {len(transcript.words)} words"
-        )
-        logger.info(
-            "[Hatchet] transcribe_track complete",
-            track_index=input.track_index,
-            word_count=len(transcript.words),
-        )
-
-        return TranscribeTrackResult(
-            words=transcript.words,
-            track_index=input.track_index,
-        )
-
-    except Exception as e:
-        logger.error("[Hatchet] transcribe_track failed", error=str(e), exc_info=True)
-        raise
--- a/server/reflector/hatchet/workflows/transcription_workflow.py
+++ b/server/reflector/hatchet/workflows/transcription_workflow.py
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+"""
+Hatchet child workflow: TranscriptionWorkflow
+Handles individual audio track transcription only.
+"""
+
+from datetime import timedelta
+
+from hatchet_sdk import Context
+from pydantic import BaseModel
+
+from reflector.hatchet.client import HatchetClientManager
+from reflector.hatchet.constants import TIMEOUT_HEAVY
+from reflector.hatchet.workflows.models import TranscribeTrackResult
+from reflector.logger import logger
+from reflector.utils.audio_constants import PRESIGNED_URL_EXPIRATION_SECONDS
+
+
+class TranscriptionInput(BaseModel):
+    """Input for individual track transcription."""
+
+    track_index: int
+    padded_key: str  # S3 key from padding step
+    bucket_name: str | None  # None = use default bucket
+    language: str = "en"
+
+
+hatchet = HatchetClientManager.get_client()
+
+transcription_workflow = hatchet.workflow(
+    name="TranscriptionWorkflow", input_validator=TranscriptionInput
+)
+
+
+@transcription_workflow.task(
+    execution_timeout=timedelta(seconds=TIMEOUT_HEAVY), retries=3
+)
+async def transcribe_track(
+    input: TranscriptionInput, ctx: Context
+) -> TranscribeTrackResult:
+    """Transcribe audio track using GPU (Modal.com) or local Whisper."""
+    ctx.log(f"transcribe_track: track {input.track_index}, language={input.language}")
+    logger.info(
+        "[Hatchet] transcribe_track",
+        track_index=input.track_index,
+        language=input.language,
+    )
+
+    try:
+        from reflector.settings import settings  # noqa: PLC0415
+        from reflector.storage.storage_aws import AwsStorage  # noqa: PLC0415
+
+        storage = AwsStorage(
+            aws_bucket_name=settings.TRANSCRIPT_STORAGE_AWS_BUCKET_NAME,
+            aws_region=settings.TRANSCRIPT_STORAGE_AWS_REGION,
+            aws_access_key_id=settings.TRANSCRIPT_STORAGE_AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID,
+            aws_secret_access_key=settings.TRANSCRIPT_STORAGE_AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY,
+        )
+
+        audio_url = await storage.get_file_url(
+            input.padded_key,
+            operation="get_object",
+            expires_in=PRESIGNED_URL_EXPIRATION_SECONDS,
+            bucket=input.bucket_name,
+        )
+
+        from reflector.pipelines.transcription_helpers import (  # noqa: PLC0415
+            transcribe_file_with_processor,
+        )
+
+        transcript = await transcribe_file_with_processor(audio_url, input.language)
+
+        for word in transcript.words:
+            word.speaker = input.track_index
+
+        ctx.log(
+            f"transcribe_track complete: track {input.track_index}, {len(transcript.words)} words"
+        )
+        logger.info(
+            "[Hatchet] transcribe_track complete",
+            track_index=input.track_index,
+            word_count=len(transcript.words),
+        )
+
+        return TranscribeTrackResult(
+            words=transcript.words,
+            track_index=input.track_index,
+        )
+
+    except Exception as e:
+        logger.error(
+            "[Hatchet] transcribe_track failed",
+            track_index=input.track_index,
+            padded_key=input.padded_key,
+            language=input.language,
+            error=str(e),
+            exc_info=True,
+        )
+        raise
--- a/server/reflector/processors/audio_padding_modal.py
+++ b/server/reflector/processors/audio_padding_modal.py
@@ -1,113 +0,0 @@
-"""
-Modal.com backend for audio padding.
-"""
-
-import asyncio
-import os
-
-import httpx
-from pydantic import BaseModel
-
-from reflector.hatchet.constants import TIMEOUT_AUDIO
-from reflector.logger import logger
-
-
-class PaddingResponse(BaseModel):
-    size: int
-    cancelled: bool = False
-
-
-class AudioPaddingModalProcessor:
-    """Audio padding processor using Modal.com CPU backend via HTTP."""
-
-    def __init__(
-        self, padding_url: str | None = None, modal_api_key: str | None = None
-    ):
-        self.padding_url = padding_url or os.getenv("PADDING_URL")
-        if not self.padding_url:
-            raise ValueError(
-                "PADDING_URL required to use AudioPaddingModalProcessor. "
-                "Set PADDING_URL environment variable or pass padding_url parameter."
-            )
-
-        self.modal_api_key = modal_api_key or os.getenv("MODAL_API_KEY")
-
-    async def pad_track(
-        self,
-        track_url: str,
-        output_url: str,
-        start_time_seconds: float,
-        track_index: int,
-    ) -> PaddingResponse:
-        """Pad audio track with silence via Modal backend.
-
-        Args:
-            track_url: Presigned GET URL for source audio track
-            output_url: Presigned PUT URL for output WebM
-            start_time_seconds: Amount of silence to prepend
-            track_index: Track index for logging
-        """
-        if not track_url:
-            raise ValueError("track_url cannot be empty")
-        if start_time_seconds <= 0:
-            raise ValueError(
-                f"start_time_seconds must be positive, got {start_time_seconds}"
-            )
-
-        log = logger.bind(track_index=track_index, padding_seconds=start_time_seconds)
-        log.info("Sending Modal padding HTTP request")
-
-        url = f"{self.padding_url}/pad"
-
-        headers = {}
-        if self.modal_api_key:
-            headers["Authorization"] = f"Bearer {self.modal_api_key}"
-
-        try:
-            async with httpx.AsyncClient(timeout=TIMEOUT_AUDIO) as client:
-                response = await client.post(
-                    url,
-                    headers=headers,
-                    json={
-                        "track_url": track_url,
-                        "output_url": output_url,
-                        "start_time_seconds": start_time_seconds,
-                        "track_index": track_index,
-                    },
-                    follow_redirects=True,
-                )
-
-                if response.status_code != 200:
-                    error_body = response.text
-                    log.error(
-                        "Modal padding API error",
-                        status_code=response.status_code,
-                        error_body=error_body,
-                    )
-
-                response.raise_for_status()
-                result = response.json()
-
-            # Check if work was cancelled
-            if result.get("cancelled"):
-                log.warning("Modal padding was cancelled by disconnect detection")
-                raise asyncio.CancelledError(
-                    "Padding cancelled due to client disconnect"
-                )
-
-            log.info("Modal padding complete", size=result["size"])
-            return PaddingResponse(**result)
-        except asyncio.CancelledError:
-            log.warning(
-                "Modal padding cancelled (Hatchet timeout, disconnect detected on Modal side)"
-            )
-            raise
-        except httpx.TimeoutException as e:
-            log.error("Modal padding timeout", error=str(e), exc_info=True)
-            raise Exception(f"Modal padding timeout: {e}") from e
-        except httpx.HTTPStatusError as e:
-            log.error("Modal padding HTTP error", error=str(e), exc_info=True)
-            raise Exception(f"Modal padding HTTP error: {e}") from e
-        except Exception as e:
-            log.error("Modal padding unexpected error", error=str(e), exc_info=True)
-            raise
--- a/server/reflector/settings.py
+++ b/server/reflector/settings.py
@@ -98,10 +98,6 @@ class Settings(BaseSettings):
    # Diarization: local pyannote.audio
    DIARIZATION_PYANNOTE_AUTH_TOKEN: str | None = None

-    # Audio Padding (Modal.com backend)
-    PADDING_URL: str | None = None
-    PADDING_MODAL_API_KEY: str | None = None
-
    # Sentry
    SENTRY_DSN: str | None = None

--- a/server/reflector/utils/audio_constants.py
+++ b/server/reflector/utils/audio_constants.py
@@ -5,9 +5,7 @@ Used by both Hatchet workflows and Celery pipelines for consistent audio encodin
 """

 # Opus codec settings
-# ref B0F71CE8-FC59-4AA5-8414-DAFB836DB711
 OPUS_STANDARD_SAMPLE_RATE = 48000
-# ref B0F71CE8-FC59-4AA5-8414-DAFB836DB711
 OPUS_DEFAULT_BIT_RATE = 128000  # 128kbps for good speech quality

 # S3 presigned URL expiration
--- a/server/reflector/views/daily.py
+++ b/server/reflector/views/daily.py
@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
 import json
-import os
-from datetime import datetime, timezone
 from typing import assert_never

 from fastapi import APIRouter, HTTPException, Request
@@ -14,10 +12,7 @@ from reflector.dailyco_api import (
    RecordingReadyEvent,
    RecordingStartedEvent,
 )
-from reflector.dailyco_api.recording_orphans import create_and_log_orphan
-from reflector.db.daily_recording_requests import daily_recording_requests_controller
 from reflector.db.meetings import meetings_controller
-from reflector.db.recordings import Recording, recordings_controller
 from reflector.logger import logger as _logger
 from reflector.settings import settings
 from reflector.video_platforms.factory import create_platform_client
@@ -217,73 +212,10 @@ async def _handle_recording_ready(event: RecordingReadyEvent):

        track_keys = [t.s3Key for t in tracks if t.type == "audio"]

-        # Lookup request
-        match = await daily_recording_requests_controller.find_by_recording_id(
-            recording_id
-        )
-
-        if not match:
-            await create_and_log_orphan(
-                recording_id=recording_id,
-                bucket_name=bucket_name,
-                room_name=room_name,
-                start_ts=event.payload.start_ts,
-                track_keys=track_keys,
-                source="webhook",
-            )
-            return
-
-        meeting_id, _ = match
-
-        # Verify meeting exists
-        meeting = await meetings_controller.get_by_id(meeting_id)
-        if not meeting:
-            logger.error(
-                "Meeting not found (webhook)",
-                recording_id=recording_id,
-                meeting_id=meeting_id,
-            )
-            await create_and_log_orphan(
-                recording_id=recording_id,
-                bucket_name=bucket_name,
-                room_name=room_name,
-                start_ts=event.payload.start_ts,
-                track_keys=track_keys,
-                source="webhook",
-            )
-            return
-
-        # Create recording atomically
-        created = await recordings_controller.try_create_with_meeting(
-            Recording(
-                id=recording_id,
-                bucket_name=bucket_name,
-                object_key=(
-                    os.path.dirname(track_keys[0]) if track_keys else room_name
-                ),
-                recorded_at=datetime.fromtimestamp(
-                    event.payload.start_ts, tz=timezone.utc
-                ),
-                track_keys=track_keys,
-                meeting_id=meeting_id,
-                status="pending",
-            )
-        )
-
-        if not created:
-            # Already created (polling got it first)
-            logger.debug(
-                "Recording already exists (webhook late)",
-                recording_id=recording_id,
-                meeting_id=meeting_id,
-            )
-            return
-
        logger.info(
-            "Raw-tracks recording queuing processing (webhook)",
+            "Raw-tracks recording queuing processing",
            recording_id=recording_id,
            room_name=room_name,
-            meeting_id=meeting_id,
            num_tracks=len(track_keys),
        )

--- a/server/reflector/views/meetings.py
+++ b/server/reflector/views/meetings.py
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import json
-import logging
 from datetime import datetime, timezone
 from typing import Annotated, Any, Optional
 from uuid import UUID
@@ -10,21 +9,16 @@ from pydantic import BaseModel
 import reflector.auth as auth
 from reflector.dailyco_api import RecordingType
 from reflector.dailyco_api.client import DailyApiError
-from reflector.db.daily_recording_requests import (
-    DailyRecordingRequest,
-    daily_recording_requests_controller,
-)
 from reflector.db.meetings import (
    MeetingConsent,
    meeting_consent_controller,
    meetings_controller,
 )
 from reflector.db.rooms import rooms_controller
+from reflector.logger import logger
 from reflector.utils.string import NonEmptyString
 from reflector.video_platforms.factory import create_platform_client

-logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
-
 router = APIRouter()


@@ -108,6 +102,13 @@ async def start_recording(
    if not meeting:
        raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail="Meeting not found")

+    log = logger.bind(
+        meeting_id=meeting_id,
+        room_name=meeting.room_name,
+        recording_type=body.type,
+        instance_id=body.instanceId,
+    )
+
    try:
        client = create_platform_client("daily")
        result = await client.start_recording(
@@ -116,30 +117,9 @@ async def start_recording(
            instance_id=body.instanceId,
        )

-        recording_id = result["id"]
+        log.info(f"Started {body.type} recording via REST API")

-        await daily_recording_requests_controller.create(
-            DailyRecordingRequest(
-                recording_id=recording_id,
-                meeting_id=meeting_id,
-                instance_id=body.instanceId,
-                type=body.type,
-                requested_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
-            )
-        )
-
-        logger.info(
-            f"Started {body.type} recording via REST API",
-            extra={
-                "meeting_id": meeting_id,
-                "room_name": meeting.room_name,
-                "recording_type": body.type,
-                "instance_id": body.instanceId,
-                "recording_id": recording_id,
-            },
-        )
-
-        return {"status": "ok", "recording_id": recording_id}
+        return {"status": "ok", "result": result}

    except DailyApiError as e:
        # Parse Daily.co error response to detect "has an active stream"
@@ -150,42 +130,22 @@ async def start_recording(
            # "has an active stream" means recording already started by another participant
            # This is SUCCESS from business logic perspective - return 200
            if "has an active stream" in error_info:
-                logger.info(
-                    f"{body.type} recording already active (started by another participant)",
-                    extra={
-                        "meeting_id": meeting_id,
-                        "room_name": meeting.room_name,
-                        "recording_type": body.type,
-                        "instance_id": body.instanceId,
-                    },
+                log.info(
+                    f"{body.type} recording already active (started by another participant)"
                )
                return {"status": "already_active", "instanceId": str(body.instanceId)}
        except (json.JSONDecodeError, KeyError):
            pass  # Fall through to error handling

        # All other Daily.co API errors
-        logger.error(
-            f"Failed to start {body.type} recording",
-            extra={
-                "meeting_id": meeting_id,
-                "recording_type": body.type,
-                "error": str(e),
-            },
-        )
+        log.error(f"Failed to start {body.type} recording", error=str(e))
        raise HTTPException(
            status_code=500, detail=f"Failed to start recording: {str(e)}"
        )

    except Exception as e:
        # Non-Daily.co errors
-        logger.error(
-            f"Failed to start {body.type} recording",
-            extra={
-                "meeting_id": meeting_id,
-                "recording_type": body.type,
-                "error": str(e),
-            },
-        )
+        log.error(f"Failed to start {body.type} recording", error=str(e))
        raise HTTPException(
            status_code=500, detail=f"Failed to start recording: {str(e)}"
        )
--- a/server/reflector/worker/process.py
+++ b/server/reflector/worker/process.py
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import json
 import os
+import re
 from datetime import datetime, timezone
 from typing import List, Literal
 from urllib.parse import unquote
@@ -12,12 +13,10 @@ from celery.utils.log import get_task_logger
 from pydantic import ValidationError

 from reflector.dailyco_api import FinishedRecordingResponse, RecordingResponse
-from reflector.dailyco_api.recording_orphans import create_and_log_orphan
 from reflector.db.daily_participant_sessions import (
    DailyParticipantSession,
    daily_participant_sessions_controller,
 )
-from reflector.db.daily_recording_requests import daily_recording_requests_controller
 from reflector.db.meetings import meetings_controller
 from reflector.db.recordings import Recording, recordings_controller
 from reflector.db.rooms import rooms_controller
@@ -231,44 +230,79 @@ async def _process_multitrack_recording_inner(
    recording_start_ts: int,
 ):
    """
-    Process multitrack recording.
+    Process multitrack recording (first time or reprocessing).

-    Recording must already exist with meeting_id set (created by webhook/polling before queueing).
+    For first processing (webhook/polling):
+    - Uses recording_start_ts for time-based meeting matching (no instanceId available)
+
+    For reprocessing:
+    - Uses recording.meeting_id directly (already linked during first processing)
+    - recording_start_ts is ignored
    """

-    # Get recording (must exist - created by webhook/polling)
+    tz = timezone.utc
+    recorded_at = datetime.now(tz)
+    try:
+        if track_keys:
+            folder = os.path.basename(os.path.dirname(track_keys[0]))
+            ts_match = re.search(r"(\d{14})$", folder)
+            if ts_match:
+                ts = ts_match.group(1)
+                recorded_at = datetime.strptime(ts, "%Y%m%d%H%M%S").replace(tzinfo=tz)
+    except Exception as e:
+        logger.warning(
+            f"Could not parse recorded_at from keys, using now() {recorded_at}",
+            e,
+            exc_info=True,
+        )
+
+    # Check if recording already exists (reprocessing path)
    recording = await recordings_controller.get_by_id(recording_id)

-    if not recording:
-        logger.error(
-            "Recording not found - should have been created by webhook/polling",
-            recording_id=recording_id,
-        )
-        return
+    if recording and recording.meeting_id:
+        # Reprocessing: recording exists with meeting already linked
+        meeting = await meetings_controller.get_by_id(recording.meeting_id)
+        if not meeting:
+            logger.error(
+                "Reprocessing: meeting not found for recording - skipping",
+                meeting_id=recording.meeting_id,
+                recording_id=recording_id,
+            )
+            return

-    if not recording.meeting_id:
-        logger.error(
-            "Recording has no meeting_id - orphan should not be queued",
+        logger.info(
+            "Reprocessing: using existing recording.meeting_id",
            recording_id=recording_id,
+            meeting_id=meeting.id,
+            room_name=daily_room_name,
        )
-        return
-
-    # Get meeting
-    meeting = await meetings_controller.get_by_id(recording.meeting_id)
-    if not meeting:
-        logger.error(
-            "Meeting not found for recording",
-            meeting_id=recording.meeting_id,
+    else:
+        # First processing: recording doesn't exist, need time-based matching
+        # (Daily.co doesn't return instanceId in API, must match by timestamp)
+        recording_start = datetime.fromtimestamp(recording_start_ts, tz=timezone.utc)
+        meeting = await meetings_controller.get_by_room_name_and_time(
+            room_name=daily_room_name,
+            recording_start=recording_start,
+            time_window_hours=168,  # 1 week
+        )
+        if not meeting:
+            logger.error(
+                "Raw-tracks: no meeting found within 1-week window (time-based match) - skipping",
+                recording_id=recording_id,
+                room_name=daily_room_name,
+                recording_start_ts=recording_start_ts,
+                recording_start=recording_start.isoformat(),
+            )
+            return  # Skip processing, will retry on next poll
+        logger.info(
+            "First processing: found meeting via time-based matching",
+            meeting_id=meeting.id,
+            room_name=daily_room_name,
            recording_id=recording_id,
+            time_delta_seconds=abs(
+                (meeting.start_date - recording_start).total_seconds()
+            ),
        )
-        return
-
-    logger.info(
-        "Processing multitrack recording",
-        recording_id=recording_id,
-        meeting_id=meeting.id,
-        room_name=daily_room_name,
-    )

    room_name_base = extract_base_room_name(daily_room_name)

@@ -276,6 +310,33 @@ async def _process_multitrack_recording_inner(
    if not room:
        raise Exception(f"Room not found: {room_name_base}")

+    if not recording:
+        # Create recording (only happens during first processing)
+        object_key_dir = os.path.dirname(track_keys[0]) if track_keys else ""
+        recording = await recordings_controller.create(
+            Recording(
+                id=recording_id,
+                bucket_name=bucket_name,
+                object_key=object_key_dir,
+                recorded_at=recorded_at,
+                meeting_id=meeting.id,
+                track_keys=track_keys,
+            )
+        )
+    elif not recording.meeting_id:
+        # Recording exists but meeting_id is null (failed first processing)
+        # Update with meeting from time-based matching
+        await recordings_controller.set_meeting_id(
+            recording_id=recording.id,
+            meeting_id=meeting.id,
+        )
+        recording.meeting_id = meeting.id
+        logger.info(
+            "Updated existing recording with meeting_id",
+            recording_id=recording.id,
+            meeting_id=meeting.id,
+        )
+
    transcript = await transcripts_controller.get_by_recording_id(recording.id)
    if not transcript:
        transcript = await transcripts_controller.add(
@@ -461,7 +522,7 @@ async def store_cloud_recording(
    Store cloud recording reference in meeting table.

    Common function for both webhook and polling code paths.
-    Uses direct recording_id lookup via daily_recording_requests table.
+    Uses time-based matching to handle duplicate room_name values.

    Args:
        recording_id: Daily.co recording ID
@@ -474,170 +535,155 @@ async def store_cloud_recording(
    Returns:
        True if stored, False if skipped/failed
    """
-    # Lookup request
-    match = await daily_recording_requests_controller.find_by_recording_id(recording_id)
+    recording_start = datetime.fromtimestamp(start_ts, tz=timezone.utc)

-    if not match:
-        # ORPHAN: No request found (pre-migration recording or failed request creation)
-        await create_and_log_orphan(
+    meeting = await meetings_controller.get_by_room_name_and_time(
+        room_name=room_name,
+        recording_start=recording_start,
+        time_window_hours=168,  # 1 week
+    )
+
+    if not meeting:
+        logger.warning(
+            f"Cloud recording ({source}): no meeting found within 1-week window",
            recording_id=recording_id,
-            bucket_name="",
            room_name=room_name,
-            start_ts=start_ts,
-            track_keys=None,
-            source=source,
+            recording_start_ts=start_ts,
+            recording_start=recording_start.isoformat(),
        )
        return False

-    meeting_id, _ = match
-
    success = await meetings_controller.set_cloud_recording_if_missing(
-        meeting_id=meeting_id,
+        meeting_id=meeting.id,
        s3_key=s3_key,
        duration=duration,
    )

    if not success:
        logger.debug(
-            f"Cloud recording ({source}): already set (stop/restart?)",
+            f"Cloud recording ({source}): already set (race lost)",
            recording_id=recording_id,
            room_name=room_name,
-            meeting_id=meeting_id,
+            meeting_id=meeting.id,
        )
        return False

    logger.info(
-        f"Cloud recording stored via {source}",
-        meeting_id=meeting_id,
+        f"Cloud recording stored via {source} (time-based match)",
+        meeting_id=meeting.id,
        recording_id=recording_id,
        s3_key=s3_key,
        duration=duration,
+        time_delta_seconds=abs((meeting.start_date - recording_start).total_seconds()),
    )
    return True


 async def _poll_cloud_recordings(cloud_recordings: List[FinishedRecordingResponse]):
-    """Process cloud recordings (database deduplication, worker-agnostic).
+    """
+    Store cloud recordings missing from meeting table via polling.

-    Cloud recordings stored in meeting.daily_composed_video_s3_key, not recording table.
-    Only first cloud recording per meeting is kept (existing behavior).
+    Uses time-based matching via store_cloud_recording().
    """
    if not cloud_recordings:
        return

-    for rec in cloud_recordings:
-        # Lookup request
-        match = await daily_recording_requests_controller.find_by_recording_id(rec.id)
-
-        if not match:
-            await create_and_log_orphan(
-                recording_id=rec.id,
-                bucket_name="",
-                room_name=rec.room_name,
-                start_ts=rec.start_ts,
-                track_keys=None,
-                source="polling",
-            )
-            continue
-
-        meeting_id, _ = match
-
-        if not rec.s3key:
-            logger.error("Cloud recording missing s3_key", recording_id=rec.id)
-            continue
-
-        # Store in meeting table (atomic, only if not already set)
-        success = await meetings_controller.set_cloud_recording_if_missing(
-            meeting_id=meeting_id,
-            s3_key=rec.s3key,
-            duration=rec.duration,
-        )
-
-        if success:
-            logger.info(
-                "Stored cloud recording", recording_id=rec.id, meeting_id=meeting_id
-            )
-        else:
+    stored_count = 0
+    for recording in cloud_recordings:
+        # Extract S3 key from recording (cloud recordings use s3key field)
+        s3_key = recording.s3key or (recording.s3.key if recording.s3 else None)
+        if not s3_key:
            logger.warning(
-                "Cloud recording already exists for meeting (stop/restart?)",
-                recording_id=rec.id,
-                meeting_id=meeting_id,
+                "Cloud recording: missing S3 key",
+                recording_id=recording.id,
+                room_name=recording.room_name,
            )
+            continue
+
+        stored = await store_cloud_recording(
+            recording_id=recording.id,
+            room_name=recording.room_name,
+            s3_key=s3_key,
+            duration=recording.duration,
+            start_ts=recording.start_ts,
+            source="polling",
+        )
+        if stored:
+            stored_count += 1
+
+    logger.info(
+        "Cloud recording polling complete",
+        total=len(cloud_recordings),
+        stored=stored_count,
+    )


 async def _poll_raw_tracks_recordings(
    raw_tracks_recordings: List[FinishedRecordingResponse],
-    bucket_name: NonEmptyString,
-) -> None:
-    """Process raw-tracks (database deduplication, worker-agnostic)."""
+    bucket_name: str,
+):
+    """Queue raw-tracks recordings missing from DB (existing logic)."""
    if not raw_tracks_recordings:
        return

-    for rec in raw_tracks_recordings:
-        # Lookup request FIRST (before any DB writes)
-        match = await daily_recording_requests_controller.find_by_recording_id(rec.id)
+    recording_ids = [rec.id for rec in raw_tracks_recordings]
+    existing_recordings = await recordings_controller.get_by_ids(recording_ids)
+    existing_ids = {rec.id for rec in existing_recordings}

-        if not match:
-            await create_and_log_orphan(
-                recording_id=rec.id,
-                bucket_name=bucket_name,
-                room_name=rec.room_name,
-                start_ts=rec.start_ts,
-                track_keys=[t.s3Key for t in rec.tracks if t.type == "audio"],
-                source="polling",
+    missing_recordings = [
+        rec for rec in raw_tracks_recordings if rec.id not in existing_ids
+    ]
+
+    if not missing_recordings:
+        logger.debug(
+            "All raw-tracks recordings already in DB",
+            api_count=len(raw_tracks_recordings),
+            existing_count=len(existing_recordings),
+        )
+        return
+
+    logger.info(
+        "Found raw-tracks recordings missing from DB",
+        missing_count=len(missing_recordings),
+        total_api_count=len(raw_tracks_recordings),
+        existing_count=len(existing_recordings),
+    )
+
+    for recording in missing_recordings:
+        if not recording.tracks:
+            logger.warning(
+                "Finished raw-tracks recording has no tracks (no audio captured)",
+                recording_id=recording.id,
+                room_name=recording.room_name,
            )
            continue

-        meeting_id, _ = match
+        track_keys = [t.s3Key for t in recording.tracks if t.type == "audio"]

-        # Verify meeting exists
-        meeting = await meetings_controller.get_by_id(meeting_id)
-        if not meeting:
-            logger.error(
-                "Meeting not found", recording_id=rec.id, meeting_id=meeting_id
-            )
-            await create_and_log_orphan(
-                recording_id=rec.id,
-                bucket_name=bucket_name,
-                room_name=rec.room_name,
-                start_ts=rec.start_ts,
-                track_keys=[t.s3Key for t in rec.tracks if t.type == "audio"],
-                source="polling",
+        if not track_keys:
+            logger.warning(
+                "No audio tracks found in raw-tracks recording",
+                recording_id=recording.id,
+                room_name=recording.room_name,
+                total_tracks=len(recording.tracks),
            )
            continue

-        # DEDUPLICATION: Atomically create recording (single operation, no race window)
-        # ON CONFLICT → concurrent poller already got it, skip entire logic
-        track_keys = [t.s3Key for t in rec.tracks if t.type == "audio"]
-
-        created = await recordings_controller.try_create_with_meeting(
-            Recording(
-                id=rec.id,
-                bucket_name=bucket_name,
-                object_key=os.path.dirname(track_keys[0]) if track_keys else "",
-                recorded_at=datetime.fromtimestamp(rec.start_ts, tz=timezone.utc),
-                track_keys=track_keys,
-                meeting_id=meeting_id,  # Set at creation (constraint-safe)
-                status="pending",
-            )
+        logger.info(
+            "Queueing missing raw-tracks recording for processing",
+            recording_id=recording.id,
+            room_name=recording.room_name,
+            track_count=len(track_keys),
        )

-        if not created:
-            # Conflict: another poller already created/queued this
-            # Skip all remaining logic (match already done by winner)
-            continue
-
-        # Only winner reaches here - queue processing (works with Celery or Hatchet)
        process_multitrack_recording.delay(
-            recording_id=rec.id,
-            daily_room_name=rec.room_name,
-            recording_start_ts=rec.start_ts,
            bucket_name=bucket_name,
+            daily_room_name=recording.room_name,
+            recording_id=recording.id,
            track_keys=track_keys,
+            recording_start_ts=recording.start_ts,
        )

-        logger.info("Queued recording", recording_id=rec.id, meeting_id=meeting_id)
-

 async def poll_daily_room_presence(meeting_id: str) -> None:
    """Poll Daily.co room presence and reconcile with DB sessions. New presence is added, old presence is marked as closed.
--- a/server/test_daily_api_recordings.py
+++ b/server/test_daily_api_recordings.py
@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python3
-"""Test script to fetch Daily.co recordings for a specific room and show raw API response."""
-
-import asyncio
-import json
-
-from reflector.video_platforms.factory import create_platform_client
-
-
-async def main():
-    room_name = "daily-private-igor-20260110042117"
-
-    print(f"\n=== Fetching recordings for room: {room_name} ===\n")
-
-    async with create_platform_client("daily") as client:
-        recordings = await client.list_recordings(room_name=room_name)
-
-    print(f"Found {len(recordings)} recording objects from Daily.co API\n")
-
-    for i, rec in enumerate(recordings, 1):
-        print(f"--- Recording #{i} ---")
-        print(f"ID: {rec.id}")
-        print(f"Room: {rec.room_name}")
-        print(f"Start TS: {rec.start_ts}")
-        print(f"Status: {rec.status}")
-        print(f"Duration: {rec.duration}")
-        print(f"Type: {rec.type}")
-        print(f"Tracks count: {len(rec.tracks)}")
-
-        if rec.tracks:
-            print(f"Tracks:")
-            for j, track in enumerate(rec.tracks, 1):
-                print(f"  Track {j}: {track.s3Key}")
-
-        print(f"\nRaw JSON:\n{json.dumps(rec.model_dump(), indent=2, default=str)}\n")
-
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    asyncio.run(main())
--- a/server/tests/test_daily_recording_requests.py
+++ b/server/tests/test_daily_recording_requests.py
@@ -1,258 +0,0 @@
-from datetime import datetime, timezone
-from uuid import UUID
-
-import pytest
-
-from reflector.db.daily_recording_requests import (
-    DailyRecordingRequest,
-    daily_recording_requests_controller,
-)
-from reflector.db.meetings import Meeting, meetings_controller
-from reflector.db.recordings import Recording, recordings_controller
-from reflector.db.rooms import Room, rooms_controller
-
-
-@pytest.mark.asyncio
-async def test_create_request():
-    """Test creating a recording request."""
-    # Create meeting first
-    room = Room(id="test-room", name="Test Room", slug="test-room", user_id="test-user")
-    await rooms_controller.create(room)
-
-    meeting = Meeting(
-        id="meeting-123",
-        room_name="test-room",
-        start_date=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
-        end_date=None,
-        recording_type="cloud",
-    )
-    await meetings_controller.create(meeting)
-
-    request = DailyRecordingRequest(
-        recording_id="rec-1",
-        meeting_id="meeting-123",
-        instance_id=UUID("a1b2c3d4-e5f6-7890-abcd-ef1234567890"),
-        type="cloud",
-        requested_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
-    )
-
-    await daily_recording_requests_controller.create(request)
-
-    result = await daily_recording_requests_controller.find_by_recording_id("rec-1")
-    assert result is not None
-    assert result[0] == "meeting-123"
-    assert result[1] == "cloud"
-
-
-@pytest.mark.asyncio
-async def test_multiple_recordings_same_meeting():
-    """Test stop/restart creates multiple request rows."""
-    # Create room and meeting
-    room = Room(
-        id="test-room-2", name="Test Room 2", slug="test-room-2", user_id="test-user"
-    )
-    await rooms_controller.create(room)
-
-    meeting_id = "meeting-456"
-    meeting = Meeting(
-        id=meeting_id,
-        room_name="test-room-2",
-        start_date=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
-        end_date=None,
-        recording_type="cloud",
-    )
-    await meetings_controller.create(meeting)
-
-    instance_id = UUID("b1c2d3e4-f5a6-7890-abcd-ef1234567890")
-
-    # First recording
-    await daily_recording_requests_controller.create(
-        DailyRecordingRequest(
-            recording_id="rec-1",
-            meeting_id=meeting_id,
-            instance_id=instance_id,
-            type="cloud",
-            requested_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
-        )
-    )
-
-    # Stop, then restart (new recording_id, same instance_id)
-    await daily_recording_requests_controller.create(
-        DailyRecordingRequest(
-            recording_id="rec-2",  # DIFFERENT
-            meeting_id=meeting_id,
-            instance_id=instance_id,  # SAME
-            type="cloud",
-            requested_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
-        )
-    )
-
-    # Both exist
-    requests = await daily_recording_requests_controller.get_by_meeting_id(meeting_id)
-    assert len(requests) == 2
-    assert {r.recording_id for r in requests} == {"rec-1", "rec-2"}
-
-
-@pytest.mark.asyncio
-async def test_deduplication_via_database():
-    """Test concurrent pollers use database for deduplication."""
-    # Create room and meeting
-    room = Room(
-        id="test-room-3", name="Test Room 3", slug="test-room-3", user_id="test-user"
-    )
-    await rooms_controller.create(room)
-
-    meeting = Meeting(
-        id="meeting-789",
-        room_name="test-room-3",
-        start_date=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
-        end_date=None,
-        recording_type="raw-tracks",
-    )
-    await meetings_controller.create(meeting)
-
-    recording_id = "rec-123"
-
-    # Poller 1
-    created1 = await recordings_controller.try_create_with_meeting(
-        Recording(
-            id=recording_id,
-            bucket_name="test-bucket",
-            object_key="test-key",
-            recorded_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
-            meeting_id="meeting-789",
-            status="pending",
-            track_keys=["track1.webm", "track2.webm"],
-        )
-    )
-    assert created1 is True  # First wins
-
-    # Poller 2 (concurrent)
-    created2 = await recordings_controller.try_create_with_meeting(
-        Recording(
-            id=recording_id,
-            bucket_name="test-bucket",
-            object_key="test-key",
-            recorded_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
-            meeting_id="meeting-789",
-            status="pending",
-            track_keys=["track1.webm", "track2.webm"],
-        )
-    )
-    assert created2 is False  # Conflict, skip
-
-
-@pytest.mark.asyncio
-async def test_orphan_logged_once():
-    """Test orphan marked once, skipped on re-poll."""
-    # First poll
-    created1 = await recordings_controller.create_orphan(
-        Recording(
-            id="orphan-123",
-            bucket_name="test-bucket",
-            object_key="orphan-key",
-            recorded_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
-            meeting_id=None,
-            status="orphan",
-            track_keys=None,
-        )
-    )
-    assert created1 is True
-
-    # Second poll (same orphan discovered again)
-    created2 = await recordings_controller.create_orphan(
-        Recording(
-            id="orphan-123",
-            bucket_name="test-bucket",
-            object_key="orphan-key",
-            recorded_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
-            meeting_id=None,
-            status="orphan",
-            track_keys=None,
-        )
-    )
-    assert created2 is False  # Already exists
-
-    # Verify it exists
-    existing = await recordings_controller.get_by_id("orphan-123")
-    assert existing is not None
-    assert existing.status == "orphan"
-
-
-@pytest.mark.asyncio
-async def test_orphan_constraints():
-    """Test orphan invariants are enforced."""
-    # Can't create orphan with meeting_id
-    with pytest.raises(AssertionError, match="meeting_id must be NULL"):
-        await recordings_controller.create_orphan(
-            Recording(
-                id="bad-orphan-1",
-                bucket_name="test",
-                object_key="test",
-                recorded_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
-                meeting_id="meeting-123",  # Should be None
-                status="orphan",
-                track_keys=None,
-            )
-        )
-
-    # Can't create orphan with wrong status
-    with pytest.raises(AssertionError, match="status must be 'orphan'"):
-        await recordings_controller.create_orphan(
-            Recording(
-                id="bad-orphan-2",
-                bucket_name="test",
-                object_key="test",
-                recorded_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
-                meeting_id=None,
-                status="pending",  # Should be "orphan"
-                track_keys=None,
-            )
-        )
-
-
-@pytest.mark.asyncio
-async def test_try_create_with_meeting_constraints():
-    """Test try_create_with_meeting enforces constraints."""
-    # Create room and meeting
-    room = Room(
-        id="test-room-4", name="Test Room 4", slug="test-room-4", user_id="test-user"
-    )
-    await rooms_controller.create(room)
-
-    meeting = Meeting(
-        id="meeting-999",
-        room_name="test-room-4",
-        start_date=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
-        end_date=None,
-        recording_type="cloud",
-    )
-    await meetings_controller.create(meeting)
-
-    # Can't create with orphan status
-    with pytest.raises(AssertionError, match="use create_orphan"):
-        await recordings_controller.try_create_with_meeting(
-            Recording(
-                id="bad-rec-1",
-                bucket_name="test",
-                object_key="test",
-                recorded_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
-                meeting_id="meeting-999",
-                status="orphan",  # Should not be orphan
-                track_keys=None,
-            )
-        )
-
-    # Can't create without meeting_id
-    with pytest.raises(AssertionError, match="meeting_id required"):
-        await recordings_controller.try_create_with_meeting(
-            Recording(
-                id="bad-rec-2",
-                bucket_name="test",
-                object_key="test",
-                recorded_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
-                meeting_id=None,  # Should have meeting_id
-                status="pending",
-                track_keys=None,
-            )
-        )
--- a/server/tests/test_recording_request_flow.py
+++ b/server/tests/test_recording_request_flow.py
@@ -1,300 +0,0 @@
-"""
-Integration tests for recording request flow.
-
-These tests verify the end-to-end flow of:
-1. Starting a recording (creates request)
-2. Webhook/polling discovering recording (matches via request)
-3. Recording processing (uses existing meeting_id)
-"""
-
-from datetime import datetime, timezone
-from uuid import UUID, uuid4
-
-import pytest
-
-from reflector.db.daily_recording_requests import (
-    DailyRecordingRequest,
-    daily_recording_requests_controller,
-)
-from reflector.db.meetings import Meeting, meetings_controller
-from reflector.db.recordings import Recording, recordings_controller
-from reflector.db.rooms import Room, rooms_controller
-
-
-@pytest.mark.asyncio
-async def test_recording_request_flow_cloud(client):
-    """Test full cloud recording flow: start -> webhook -> match"""
-    # Create room and meeting
-    room = Room(id="test-room", name="Test Room", slug="test-room", user_id="test-user")
-    await rooms_controller.create(room)
-
-    meeting_id = f"meeting-{uuid4()}"
-    meeting = Meeting(
-        id=meeting_id,
-        room_name="test-room",
-        start_date=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
-        end_date=None,
-        recording_type="cloud",
-    )
-    await meetings_controller.create(meeting)
-
-    # Simulate recording start (what endpoint does)
-    recording_id = "rec-cloud-123"
-    instance_id = UUID("a1b2c3d4-e5f6-7890-abcd-ef1234567890")
-
-    request = DailyRecordingRequest(
-        recording_id=recording_id,
-        meeting_id=meeting_id,
-        instance_id=instance_id,
-        type="cloud",
-        requested_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
-    )
-    await daily_recording_requests_controller.create(request)
-
-    # Verify request exists
-    match = await daily_recording_requests_controller.find_by_recording_id(recording_id)
-    assert match is not None
-    assert match[0] == meeting_id
-    assert match[1] == "cloud"
-
-    # Simulate webhook/polling storing cloud recording
-    success = await meetings_controller.set_cloud_recording_if_missing(
-        meeting_id=meeting_id,
-        s3_key="s3://bucket/recording.mp4",
-        duration=120,
-    )
-    assert success is True
-
-    # Verify meeting updated
-    updated_meeting = await meetings_controller.get_by_id(meeting_id)
-    assert updated_meeting.daily_composed_video_s3_key == "s3://bucket/recording.mp4"
-    assert updated_meeting.daily_composed_video_duration == 120
-
-
-@pytest.mark.asyncio
-async def test_recording_request_flow_raw_tracks(client):
-    """Test full raw-tracks recording flow: start -> webhook/polling -> process"""
-    # Create room and meeting
-    room = Room(
-        id="test-room-2",
-        name="Test Room 2",
-        slug="test-room-2",
-        user_id="test-user",
-    )
-    await rooms_controller.create(room)
-
-    meeting_id = f"meeting-{uuid4()}"
-    meeting = Meeting(
-        id=meeting_id,
-        room_name="test-room-2",
-        start_date=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
-        end_date=None,
-        recording_type="raw-tracks",
-    )
-    await meetings_controller.create(meeting)
-
-    # Simulate recording start
-    recording_id = "rec-raw-456"
-    instance_id = UUID("b1c2d3e4-f5a6-7890-abcd-ef1234567890")
-
-    request = DailyRecordingRequest(
-        recording_id=recording_id,
-        meeting_id=meeting_id,
-        instance_id=instance_id,
-        type="raw-tracks",
-        requested_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
-    )
-    await daily_recording_requests_controller.create(request)
-
-    # Simulate webhook/polling discovering recording
-    match = await daily_recording_requests_controller.find_by_recording_id(recording_id)
-    assert match is not None
-    found_meeting_id, recording_type = match
-    assert found_meeting_id == meeting_id
-    assert recording_type == "raw-tracks"
-
-    # Create recording (what webhook/polling does)
-    created = await recordings_controller.try_create_with_meeting(
-        Recording(
-            id=recording_id,
-            bucket_name="test-bucket",
-            object_key="recordings/20260120/",
-            recorded_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
-            track_keys=["track1.webm", "track2.webm"],
-            meeting_id=meeting_id,
-            status="pending",
-        )
-    )
-    assert created is True
-
-    # Verify recording exists with meeting_id
-    recording = await recordings_controller.get_by_id(recording_id)
-    assert recording is not None
-    assert recording.meeting_id == meeting_id
-    assert recording.status == "pending"
-    assert len(recording.track_keys) == 2
-
-
-@pytest.mark.asyncio
-async def test_stop_restart_creates_multiple_requests(client):
-    """Test stop/restart creates multiple request rows with same instance_id"""
-    # Create room and meeting
-    room = Room(
-        id="test-room-3",
-        name="Test Room 3",
-        slug="test-room-3",
-        user_id="test-user",
-    )
-    await rooms_controller.create(room)
-
-    meeting_id = f"meeting-{uuid4()}"
-    meeting = Meeting(
-        id=meeting_id,
-        room_name="test-room-3",
-        start_date=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
-        end_date=None,
-        recording_type="cloud",
-    )
-    await meetings_controller.create(meeting)
-
-    instance_id = UUID("c1d2e3f4-a5b6-7890-abcd-ef1234567890")
-
-    # First recording
-    await daily_recording_requests_controller.create(
-        DailyRecordingRequest(
-            recording_id="rec-first",
-            meeting_id=meeting_id,
-            instance_id=instance_id,
-            type="cloud",
-            requested_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
-        )
-    )
-
-    # Stop, then restart (new recording_id, same instance_id)
-    await daily_recording_requests_controller.create(
-        DailyRecordingRequest(
-            recording_id="rec-second",  # DIFFERENT
-            meeting_id=meeting_id,
-            instance_id=instance_id,  # SAME
-            type="cloud",
-            requested_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
-        )
-    )
-
-    # Both exist
-    requests = await daily_recording_requests_controller.get_by_meeting_id(meeting_id)
-    assert len(requests) == 2
-    assert {r.recording_id for r in requests} == {"rec-first", "rec-second"}
-    assert all(r.instance_id == instance_id for r in requests)
-
-
-@pytest.mark.asyncio
-async def test_orphan_recording_no_request(client):
-    """Test orphan recording (no request found)"""
-    # Simulate polling discovering recording with no request
-    recording_id = "rec-orphan"
-
-    match = await daily_recording_requests_controller.find_by_recording_id(recording_id)
-    assert match is None  # No request
-
-    # Mark as orphan
-    created = await recordings_controller.create_orphan(
-        Recording(
-            id=recording_id,
-            bucket_name="test-bucket",
-            object_key="orphan-key",
-            recorded_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
-            meeting_id=None,
-            status="orphan",
-            track_keys=None,
-        )
-    )
-    assert created is True
-
-    # Verify orphan exists
-    recording = await recordings_controller.get_by_id(recording_id)
-    assert recording is not None
-    assert recording.status == "orphan"
-    assert recording.meeting_id is None
-
-    # Second poll - already exists
-    created_again = await recordings_controller.create_orphan(
-        Recording(
-            id=recording_id,
-            bucket_name="test-bucket",
-            object_key="orphan-key",
-            recorded_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
-            meeting_id=None,
-            status="orphan",
-            track_keys=None,
-        )
-    )
-    assert created_again is False  # Already exists
-
-
-@pytest.mark.asyncio
-async def test_concurrent_polling_deduplication(client):
-    """Test concurrent pollers only queue once"""
-    # Create room and meeting
-    room = Room(
-        id="test-room-4",
-        name="Test Room 4",
-        slug="test-room-4",
-        user_id="test-user",
-    )
-    await rooms_controller.create(room)
-
-    meeting_id = f"meeting-{uuid4()}"
-    meeting = Meeting(
-        id=meeting_id,
-        room_name="test-room-4",
-        start_date=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
-        end_date=None,
-        recording_type="raw-tracks",
-    )
-    await meetings_controller.create(meeting)
-
-    # Create request
-    recording_id = "rec-concurrent"
-    await daily_recording_requests_controller.create(
-        DailyRecordingRequest(
-            recording_id=recording_id,
-            meeting_id=meeting_id,
-            instance_id=UUID("d1e2f3a4-b5c6-7890-abcd-ef1234567890"),
-            type="raw-tracks",
-            requested_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
-        )
-    )
-
-    # Poller 1
-    created1 = await recordings_controller.try_create_with_meeting(
-        Recording(
-            id=recording_id,
-            bucket_name="test-bucket",
-            object_key="test-key",
-            recorded_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
-            meeting_id=meeting_id,
-            status="pending",
-            track_keys=["track1.webm"],
-        )
-    )
-    assert created1 is True  # First wins
-
-    # Poller 2 (concurrent)
-    created2 = await recordings_controller.try_create_with_meeting(
-        Recording(
-            id=recording_id,
-            bucket_name="test-bucket",
-            object_key="test-key",
-            recorded_at=datetime.now(timezone.utc),
-            meeting_id=meeting_id,
-            status="pending",
-            track_keys=["track1.webm"],
-        )
-    )
-    assert created2 is False  # Conflict, skip
-
-    # Only one recording exists
-    recording = await recordings_controller.get_by_id(recording_id)
-    assert recording is not None
-    assert recording.meeting_id == meeting_id
--- a/server/tests/test_time_based_meeting_matching.py
+++ b/server/tests/test_time_based_meeting_matching.py
@@ -0,0 +1,374 @@
+"""
+Integration tests for time-based meeting-to-recording matching.
+
+Tests the critical path for matching Daily.co recordings to meetings when
+API doesn't return instanceId.
+"""
+
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+
+import pytest
+
+from reflector.db.meetings import meetings_controller
+from reflector.db.rooms import rooms_controller
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+async def test_room():
+    """Create a test room for meetings."""
+    room = await rooms_controller.add(
+        name="test-room-time",
+        user_id="test-user-id",
+        zulip_auto_post=False,
+        zulip_stream="",
+        zulip_topic="",
+        is_locked=False,
+        room_mode="normal",
+        recording_type="cloud",
+        recording_trigger="automatic",
+        is_shared=False,
+        platform="daily",
+    )
+    return room
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def base_time():
+    """Fixed timestamp for deterministic tests."""
+    return datetime(2026, 1, 14, 9, 0, 0, tzinfo=timezone.utc)
+
+
+class TestTimeBasedMatching:
+    """Test get_by_room_name_and_time() matching logic."""
+
+    async def test_exact_time_match(self, test_room, base_time):
+        """Recording timestamp exactly matches meeting start_date."""
+        meeting = await meetings_controller.create(
+            id="meeting-exact",
+            room_name="daily-test-20260114090000",
+            room_url="https://example.daily.co/test",
+            host_room_url="https://example.daily.co/test?t=host",
+            start_date=base_time,
+            end_date=base_time + timedelta(hours=1),
+            room=test_room,
+        )
+
+        result = await meetings_controller.get_by_room_name_and_time(
+            room_name="daily-test-20260114090000",
+            recording_start=base_time,
+            time_window_hours=168,
+        )
+
+        assert result is not None
+        assert result.id == meeting.id
+
+    async def test_recording_slightly_after_meeting_start(self, test_room, base_time):
+        """Recording started 1 minute after meeting (participants joined late)."""
+        meeting = await meetings_controller.create(
+            id="meeting-late",
+            room_name="daily-test-20260114090100",
+            room_url="https://example.daily.co/test",
+            host_room_url="https://example.daily.co/test?t=host",
+            start_date=base_time,
+            end_date=base_time + timedelta(hours=1),
+            room=test_room,
+        )
+
+        recording_start = base_time + timedelta(minutes=1)
+
+        result = await meetings_controller.get_by_room_name_and_time(
+            room_name="daily-test-20260114090100",
+            recording_start=recording_start,
+            time_window_hours=168,
+        )
+
+        assert result is not None
+        assert result.id == meeting.id
+
+    async def test_duplicate_room_names_picks_closest(self, test_room, base_time):
+        """
+        Two meetings with same room_name (duplicate/race condition).
+        Should pick closest by timestamp.
+        """
+        meeting1 = await meetings_controller.create(
+            id="meeting-1-first",
+            room_name="daily-duplicate-room",
+            room_url="https://example.daily.co/test",
+            host_room_url="https://example.daily.co/test?t=host",
+            start_date=base_time,
+            end_date=base_time + timedelta(hours=1),
+            room=test_room,
+        )
+
+        meeting2 = await meetings_controller.create(
+            id="meeting-2-second",
+            room_name="daily-duplicate-room",  # Same room_name!
+            room_url="https://example.daily.co/test",
+            host_room_url="https://example.daily.co/test?t=host",
+            start_date=base_time + timedelta(seconds=0.99),  # 0.99s later
+            end_date=base_time + timedelta(hours=1),
+            room=test_room,
+        )
+
+        # Recording started 0.5s after meeting1
+        # Distance: meeting1 = 0.5s, meeting2 = 0.49s → meeting2 is closer
+        recording_start = base_time + timedelta(seconds=0.5)
+
+        result = await meetings_controller.get_by_room_name_and_time(
+            room_name="daily-duplicate-room",
+            recording_start=recording_start,
+            time_window_hours=168,
+        )
+
+        assert result is not None
+        assert result.id == meeting2.id  # meeting2 is closer (0.49s vs 0.5s)
+
+    async def test_outside_time_window_returns_none(self, test_room, base_time):
+        """Recording outside 1-week window returns None."""
+        await meetings_controller.create(
+            id="meeting-old",
+            room_name="daily-test-old",
+            room_url="https://example.daily.co/test",
+            host_room_url="https://example.daily.co/test?t=host",
+            start_date=base_time,
+            end_date=base_time + timedelta(hours=1),
+            room=test_room,
+        )
+
+        # Recording 8 days later (outside 7-day window)
+        recording_start = base_time + timedelta(days=8)
+
+        result = await meetings_controller.get_by_room_name_and_time(
+            room_name="daily-test-old",
+            recording_start=recording_start,
+            time_window_hours=168,
+        )
+
+        assert result is None
+
+    async def test_tie_breaker_deterministic(self, test_room, base_time):
+        """When time delta identical, tie-breaker by meeting.id is deterministic."""
+        meeting_z = await meetings_controller.create(
+            id="zzz-last-uuid",
+            room_name="daily-test-tie",
+            room_url="https://example.daily.co/test",
+            host_room_url="https://example.daily.co/test?t=host",
+            start_date=base_time,
+            end_date=base_time + timedelta(hours=1),
+            room=test_room,
+        )
+
+        meeting_a = await meetings_controller.create(
+            id="aaa-first-uuid",
+            room_name="daily-test-tie",
+            room_url="https://example.daily.co/test",
+            host_room_url="https://example.daily.co/test?t=host",
+            start_date=base_time,  # Exact same start_date
+            end_date=base_time + timedelta(hours=1),
+            room=test_room,
+        )
+
+        result = await meetings_controller.get_by_room_name_and_time(
+            room_name="daily-test-tie",
+            recording_start=base_time,
+            time_window_hours=168,
+        )
+
+        assert result is not None
+        # Tie-breaker: lexicographically first UUID
+        assert result.id == "aaa-first-uuid"
+
+    async def test_timezone_naive_datetime_raises(self, test_room, base_time):
+        """Timezone-naive datetime raises ValueError."""
+        await meetings_controller.create(
+            id="meeting-tz",
+            room_name="daily-test-tz",
+            room_url="https://example.daily.co/test",
+            host_room_url="https://example.daily.co/test?t=host",
+            start_date=base_time,
+            end_date=base_time + timedelta(hours=1),
+            room=test_room,
+        )
+
+        # Naive datetime (no timezone)
+        naive_dt = datetime(2026, 1, 14, 9, 0, 0)
+
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="timezone-aware"):
+            await meetings_controller.get_by_room_name_and_time(
+                room_name="daily-test-tz",
+                recording_start=naive_dt,
+                time_window_hours=168,
+            )
+
+    async def test_one_week_boundary_after_included(self, test_room, base_time):
+        """Meeting 1-week AFTER recording is included (window_end boundary)."""
+        meeting_time = base_time + timedelta(hours=168)
+
+        await meetings_controller.create(
+            id="meeting-boundary-after",
+            room_name="daily-test-boundary-after",
+            room_url="https://example.daily.co/test",
+            host_room_url="https://example.daily.co/test?t=host",
+            start_date=meeting_time,
+            end_date=meeting_time + timedelta(hours=1),
+            room=test_room,
+        )
+
+        result = await meetings_controller.get_by_room_name_and_time(
+            room_name="daily-test-boundary-after",
+            recording_start=base_time,
+            time_window_hours=168,
+        )
+
+        assert result is not None
+        assert result.id == "meeting-boundary-after"
+
+    async def test_one_week_boundary_before_included(self, test_room, base_time):
+        """Meeting 1-week BEFORE recording is included (window_start boundary)."""
+        meeting_time = base_time - timedelta(hours=168)
+
+        await meetings_controller.create(
+            id="meeting-boundary-before",
+            room_name="daily-test-boundary-before",
+            room_url="https://example.daily.co/test",
+            host_room_url="https://example.daily.co/test?t=host",
+            start_date=meeting_time,
+            end_date=meeting_time + timedelta(hours=1),
+            room=test_room,
+        )
+
+        result = await meetings_controller.get_by_room_name_and_time(
+            room_name="daily-test-boundary-before",
+            recording_start=base_time,
+            time_window_hours=168,
+        )
+
+        assert result is not None
+        assert result.id == "meeting-boundary-before"
+
+    async def test_recording_before_meeting_start(self, test_room, base_time):
+        """Recording started before meeting (clock skew or early join)."""
+        await meetings_controller.create(
+            id="meeting-early",
+            room_name="daily-test-early",
+            room_url="https://example.daily.co/test",
+            host_room_url="https://example.daily.co/test?t=host",
+            start_date=base_time,
+            end_date=base_time + timedelta(hours=1),
+            room=test_room,
+        )
+
+        recording_start = base_time - timedelta(minutes=2)
+
+        result = await meetings_controller.get_by_room_name_and_time(
+            room_name="daily-test-early",
+            recording_start=recording_start,
+            time_window_hours=168,
+        )
+
+        assert result is not None
+        assert result.id == "meeting-early"
+
+    async def test_mixed_inside_outside_window(self, test_room, base_time):
+        """Multiple meetings, only one inside window - returns the inside one."""
+        await meetings_controller.create(
+            id="meeting-old",
+            room_name="daily-test-mixed",
+            room_url="https://example.daily.co/test",
+            host_room_url="https://example.daily.co/test?t=host",
+            start_date=base_time - timedelta(days=10),
+            end_date=base_time - timedelta(days=10, hours=-1),
+            room=test_room,
+        )
+
+        await meetings_controller.create(
+            id="meeting-inside",
+            room_name="daily-test-mixed",
+            room_url="https://example.daily.co/test",
+            host_room_url="https://example.daily.co/test?t=host",
+            start_date=base_time - timedelta(days=2),
+            end_date=base_time - timedelta(days=2, hours=-1),
+            room=test_room,
+        )
+
+        await meetings_controller.create(
+            id="meeting-future",
+            room_name="daily-test-mixed",
+            room_url="https://example.daily.co/test",
+            host_room_url="https://example.daily.co/test?t=host",
+            start_date=base_time + timedelta(days=10),
+            end_date=base_time + timedelta(days=10, hours=1),
+            room=test_room,
+        )
+
+        result = await meetings_controller.get_by_room_name_and_time(
+            room_name="daily-test-mixed",
+            recording_start=base_time,
+            time_window_hours=168,
+        )
+
+        assert result is not None
+        assert result.id == "meeting-inside"
+
+
+class TestAtomicCloudRecordingUpdate:
+    """Test atomic update prevents race conditions."""
+
+    async def test_first_update_succeeds(self, test_room, base_time):
+        """First call to set_cloud_recording_if_missing succeeds."""
+        meeting = await meetings_controller.create(
+            id="meeting-atomic-1",
+            room_name="daily-test-atomic",
+            room_url="https://example.daily.co/test",
+            host_room_url="https://example.daily.co/test?t=host",
+            start_date=base_time,
+            end_date=base_time + timedelta(hours=1),
+            room=test_room,
+        )
+
+        success = await meetings_controller.set_cloud_recording_if_missing(
+            meeting_id=meeting.id,
+            s3_key="first-s3-key",
+            duration=100,
+        )
+
+        assert success is True
+
+        updated = await meetings_controller.get_by_id(meeting.id)
+        assert updated.daily_composed_video_s3_key == "first-s3-key"
+        assert updated.daily_composed_video_duration == 100
+
+    async def test_second_update_fails_atomically(self, test_room, base_time):
+        """Second call to update same meeting doesn't overwrite (atomic check)."""
+        meeting = await meetings_controller.create(
+            id="meeting-atomic-2",
+            room_name="daily-test-atomic2",
+            room_url="https://example.daily.co/test",
+            host_room_url="https://example.daily.co/test?t=host",
+            start_date=base_time,
+            end_date=base_time + timedelta(hours=1),
+            room=test_room,
+        )
+
+        success1 = await meetings_controller.set_cloud_recording_if_missing(
+            meeting_id=meeting.id,
+            s3_key="first-s3-key",
+            duration=100,
+        )
+
+        assert success1 is True
+
+        after_first = await meetings_controller.get_by_id(meeting.id)
+        assert after_first.daily_composed_video_s3_key == "first-s3-key"
+
+        success2 = await meetings_controller.set_cloud_recording_if_missing(
+            meeting_id=meeting.id,
+            s3_key="bucket/path/should-not-overwrite",
+            duration=200,
+        )
+
+        assert success2 is False
+
+        final = await meetings_controller.get_by_id(meeting.id)
+        assert final.daily_composed_video_s3_key == "first-s3-key"
+        assert final.daily_composed_video_duration == 100
--- a/server/uv.lock
+++ b/server/uv.lock
@@ -159,20 +159,21 @@ wheels = [

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-version = "1.14.0"
+version = "1.13.0"
 source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
 dependencies = [
    { name = "aioice" },
    { name = "av" },
+    { name = "cffi" },
    { name = "cryptography" },
    { name = "google-crc32c" },
    { name = "pyee" },
    { name = "pylibsrtp" },
    { name = "pyopenssl" },
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@@ -3262,7 +3267,7 @@ requires-dist = [
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    { name = "alembic", specifier = ">=1.11.3" },
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+    { name = "av", specifier = ">=10.0.0" },
    { name = "celery", specifier = ">=5.3.4" },
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Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Igor Loskutov	6a57388723	format	2026-01-26 17:38:38 -05:00
Igor Monadical	ddef1d4a4a	Merge branch 'main' into feature/split-padding-transcription	2026-01-26 13:22:16 -05:00
Igor Monadical	88e0d11ccd	Update server/reflector/hatchet/workflows/padding_workflow.py Co-authored-by: pr-agent-monadical[bot] <198624643+pr-agent-monadical[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>	2026-01-23 19:59:32 -05:00
Igor Loskutov	9f6e7b515b	Revert transcript text broadcast to empty string Empty string was intentional - reverting my incorrect fix	2026-01-23 17:00:24 -05:00
Igor Loskutov	d0110f4dd4	Fix: Remove redundant checks and clarify variable scope - Remove redundant padded_key None check (NonEmptyString cannot be None) - Move storage_path definition before try block for clarity - All padded tracks added to list (original or new)	2026-01-23 16:55:34 -05:00
Igor Loskutov	7dfb37154d	Fix critical data flow and concurrency bugs - Add empty padded_tracks guard in process_transcriptions - Fix created_padded_files: use list instead of set to preserve order for zip cleanup - Document size=0 contract in PadTrackResult (size=0 means original key, not padded) - Remove redundant ctx.log in padding_workflow	2026-01-23 16:47:11 -05:00
Igor Loskutov	67679e90b2	Revert waveform dependency - allow background completion Waveform generation can complete after transcript marked "ended". User can see transcript immediately while waveform finishes in background.	2026-01-23 16:42:36 -05:00
Igor Loskutov	aa4c368479	Fix critical bugs from refactoring - Fix empty transcript broadcast (was sending text="", should send merged_transcript.text) - Restore generate_waveform to finalize parents (finalize must wait for waveform)	2026-01-23 16:40:57 -05:00
Igor Loskutov	deb5ed6010	Fix: Preserve track_index explicitly in PaddedTrackInfo - Add track_index to PaddedTrackInfo model - Preserve track_index from PadTrackResult when building padded_tracks list - Use explicit track_index instead of enumerate in process_transcriptions - Removes fragile ordering assumption	2026-01-23 16:36:16 -05:00
Igor Loskutov	30b28eed3b	Merge main into feature/split-padding-transcription	2026-01-23 16:20:39 -05:00
Igor Loskutov	1b33fba3ba	Fix: Move padding_workflow to LLM worker for parallel execution Critical bug fix: padding_workflow was registered on CPU worker (slots=1), causing all padding tasks to run serially instead of in parallel. Changes: - Moved padding_workflow from run_workers_cpu.py to run_workers_llm.py - LLM worker has slots=10, allowing up to 10 parallel padding operations - Padding is I/O-bound (S3 download/upload), not CPU-intensive - CPU worker now handles only mixdown_tracks (compute-heavy, serialized) Impact: - Before: 4 tracks × 5s padding = 20s serial execution - After: 4 tracks × 5s padding = ~5s parallel execution (4 concurrent) - Restores intended performance benefit of the refactoring	2026-01-23 16:05:43 -05:00
Igor Loskutov	3ce279daa4	Split padding and transcription into separate workflow steps - Split process_tracks into process_paddings + process_transcriptions - Create PaddingWorkflow and TranscriptionWorkflow as separate child workflows - Update dependency: mixdown_tracks now depends on process_paddings (not process_transcriptions) - Performance: mixdown starts ~295s earlier (after padding completes, not after transcription) Changes: - New: padding_workflow.py, transcription_workflow.py - Modified: daily_multitrack_pipeline.py (new tasks, updated dependencies) - Modified: models.py (new ProcessPaddingsResult, ProcessTranscriptionsResult, deleted dead ProcessTracksResult) - Modified: constants.py (new task names) - Modified: run_workers_cpu.py, run_workers_llm.py (workflow registration) - Deleted: track_processing.py Code quality fixes: - Removed redundant comments and verbose docstrings - Added language validation in process_transcriptions - Improved error logging with full context (transcript_id, track_index) - Fixed log accuracy bugs (use correct counts) - Updated worker pool documentation	2026-01-21 16:53:06 -05:00
Igor Loskutov	01650be787	fix tests	2026-01-21 15:04:05 -05:00
Igor Monadical	f00c16a41c	Merge branch 'main' into fix/ics-window-bug	2026-01-21 14:38:36 -05:00
Igor Monadical	859df5513e	Merge branch 'main' into fix/ics-window-bug	2026-01-21 08:47:34 -05:00
Igor Loskutov	2af9918979	ics non-sync bugfix	2026-01-20 16:56:06 -05:00